氨基寡糖素对小麦条锈病防控及增产效果评估  

Evaluation of the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on wheat stripe rust control and yield enhancement

作　　者：王怡萍 彭予汐 徐一仟 韩依轩 张策 康振生[1] 赵晶[1] Wang Yiping;Peng Yuxi;Xu Yiqian;Han Yixuan;Zhang Ce;Kang Zhensheng;Zhao Jing(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2025年第1期222-230,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2024YFD1401000)。

摘　　要：为明确氨基寡糖素在小麦上对条锈病的防控效果,通过室内和田间试验分析不同浓度氨基寡糖素处理对小麦接种条锈菌Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici后的抗病表型及产量的影响。室内试验结果表明:叶面喷施稀释200倍、500倍和1 000倍的氨基寡糖素均能诱导小麦对条锈菌产生抗性,且浓度越大持效期越长,其中稀释200倍处理后的抗性可持续7 d。田间试验结果显示,接种病菌前3 d施用稀释500倍、剂量为45.0 g (a.i.)/hm^(2)的氨基寡糖素,对小麦条锈病的防控效果达到75.86%,而稀释1 000倍、剂量22.5 g(a.i.)/hm^(2)的氨基寡糖素与51.6 g (a.i.)/hm^(2)减量戊唑醇联合处理的防控效果提升至86.32%。此外,在返青期和抽穗扬花期2次喷施稀释1 000倍的氨基寡糖素,显著增加了小麦穗粒数。表明氨基寡糖素叶面喷施不仅能有效防控小麦条锈病,还具有一定增产潜力。To clarify the control effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on wheat stripe rust,through labora‐tory and field experiments,the resistance and yield of wheat inoculated with fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici after treatment with different concentrations of chitosan oligosaccharides were in‐vestigated.Indoor experimental results showed that foliar spraying with 200×,500×,and 1000×dilu‐tions of chitosan oligosaccharides could induce resistance to stripe rust in wheat,with higher concentra‐tions providing longer-lasting effects.The 200×dilution treatment maintained resistance to stripe rust for up to seven days.Field experiments demonstrated that applying 45.0 g(a.i.)/hm^(2) of 500×diluted chi‐tosan oligosaccharides three days before inoculation with this pathogen achieved a control efficiency of 75.86%,while the combined treatment of 1000×diluted chitosan oligosaccharides and reduced tebuco‐nazole increased the control efficiency to 86.32%.Additionally,two applications of 1000×diluted chi‐tosan oligosaccharides at thereviving and heading stages significantly increased the number of grains per spike.The results indicate that foliar spraying of chitosan oligosaccharides not only effectively con‐trols wheat stripe rust but also has the potential to increase yield.

关 键 词：氨基寡糖素 小麦条锈病 绿色植保 防控效果 

分 类 号：S435.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S435.121.4[农业科学—植物保护]