高炉含氟、钾、钠气体生成反应的热力学模拟  

Thermodynamic simulation of gas generation reactions containing F,K,and Na in blast furnaces

作　　者：曹麟翔 罗果萍[1,2,3] 王紫微 孙权 白晓光[5] 刘曙光[6] 刘景权 CAO Linxiang;LUO Guoping;WANG Ziwei;SUN Quan;BAI Xiaoguang;LIU Shuguang;LIU Jingquan(School of Rare Earth Industry,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Nei Mongol,China;School of Metallurgical Future Technology,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Nei Mongol,China;Key Laboratory of Green Extraction and Efficient Utilization of Light Rare-Earth Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Ministry of Education,Baotou 014010,Nei Mongol,China;General Department,Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,Nei Mongol,China;Technology Center,Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,Nei Mongol,China;Rare Earth Steel Smelting Iron Plant,Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,Nei Mongol,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学稀土产业学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学冶金未来技术学院,内蒙古包头014010 [3]轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室,内蒙古包头014010 [4]内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司综合部,内蒙古包头014010 [5]内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古包头014010 [6]内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢炼铁厂,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《中国冶金》2025年第3期65-75,共11页China Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52464042)。

摘　　要：为了揭示高炉冶炼过程中含含氟、钾、钠气体的生成规律,以包钢7号高炉为例,将高炉沿高度方向划分为4个温度区域;根据不同区域的主要化学反应,通过吨铁的原燃料用量、原燃料成分和炉缸煤气成分,结合差分计算法求出沿高炉高度方向任一温度的混合炉料组成和煤气组成;将欧根公式、混合矿熔滴试验与高炉热风压力和炉顶煤气压力相结合,确定不同温度区域的煤气压力损失及高炉任一温度的煤气压力;基于高炉任一温度的混合炉料成分、煤气成分、煤气压力和反应温度,采用FactSage7.1热力学软件,模拟高炉不同温度区域含含氟、钾、钠气体的生成反应。模拟结果表明,在高炉200~800℃区域,含含氟、钾、钠气体的生成量较少,主要为HF和少量KF;在800~1025℃区域,含含氟、钾、钠气体的生成量有所增多;在1025~1365℃的软熔带中,KCN、NaCN、KF的最大生成量显著增加,可分别达1.74、1.06、1.08 kg/t;在1365~1500℃的滴落带中,生成的碱金属气体NaCN、KCN、K、Na的量最多。本研究可为深入认识含含氟、钾、钠气体循环富集对矿石、焦炭和炉衬性能的影响奠定基础。In order to reveal the formation rules of fluorine,potassium and sodium gases in the process of blast furnace smelting,the No.7 blast furnace at Baotou Steel Group was taken as an example,and the blast furnace was segmented into four distinct thermal regions along its vertical axis.According to the main chemical reactions in different regions,the mixed charge composition and gas composition at any temperature along the height of blast furnace were obtained by using the difference calculation method through the amount of raw material and fuel,the composition of raw material and fuel and the composition of hearth gas.The gas pressure loss in different temperature regions and the gas pressure at any temperature of blast furnace were determined by combining the Ergun equation,the mixed ore droplet experiment with the hot blast pressure of blast furnace and the top gas pressure of blast furnace.Based on the composition of mixed burden,gas composition,gas pressure and reaction temperature at any temperature of blast furnace,FactSage7.1 thermodynamic software was used to simulate the formation reactions of fluorine(F),potassium(K)and sodium(Na)gases in different temperature regions of blast furnace.The simulation results show that in the range of 200-800℃,the production of F,K and Na gases is less,mainly HF and a small amount of KF.In the range of 800-1025℃,the amount of gas containing F,K and Na increases.In the soft melt zone of 1025-1365℃,the maximum production of KCN,NaCN and KF increases significantly,reaching 1.74,1.06 and 1.08 kg/t,respectively.In the drip zone of 1365-1500℃,the amount of alkali metal gases NaCN,KCN,K and Na is the largest.This study can lay a foundation for further understanding the influence of cyclic enrichment of fluorine,potassium and sodium gases on the properties of ore,coke and lining.

关 键 词：高炉 温度区域 氟钾钠气体 生成反应 热力学模拟 

分 类 号：TF54[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]