气力雾化水用于高温熔渣粒化及热回收的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation on pneumatic atomized water for granulation and heat recovery of molten slag

作　　者：赵凯 白晓军 王殿新 甄常亮 白庚琛 陈伟 ZHAO Kai;BAI Xiaojun;WANG Dianxin;ZHEN Changliang;BAI Gengchen;CHEN Wei(College of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《中国冶金》2025年第3期144-154,共11页China Metallurgy

基　　金：河北省科技厅中央引导地方资助项目(226Z3802G)。

摘　　要：传统的冶金熔渣粒化和热回收工艺主要采用空气或水作为淬冷介质,普遍存在粒化效果差、热回收率低和资源消耗量大的问题。为了提高熔渣资源化利用水平,亟需开发新的淬冷介质。利用Fluent软件模拟气力雾化水作为淬冷介质的工艺过程,与单独使用空气或水的熔渣粒化、显热回收效果进行对比,进而分析作用机理和影响因素,实现工艺参数优化。研究结果表明,双介质雾化喷嘴具有雾化半径大、射流速度高、射流距离远的特点。优化的结构参数为收缩半锥角40°、喉部直径5 mm、扩张段13 mm、扩张半锥角5°。采用气力雾化水对熔渣进行淬冷后,渣中粒径1 mm以下所占比例升高8%,4 mm以上所占比例降低3%,粒化效果明显改善。同时,雾化水使熔渣温降幅度增大200 K,为提高换热效率提供了有效支撑。熔渣凝固冷却过程的模拟结果表明,气力雾化水的进气速度和进水速度是影响粒化和换热效果的关键因素。进水速度为15 m/s、进气速度为65 m/s的工艺参数组合粒化效果好,熔渣凝固程度高。与传统处理方式相比,选择气力雾化水作为淬冷介质,粒化效果和显热回收效率得到增强。研究结果可为冶金企业的高温熔渣余热回收与资源化协同利用提供理论和技术支撑。The traditional granulation and heat recovery of slag has defects such as poor granulation effect,low heat recovery efficiency,and high resource consumption.It is urgent to developing new quenching media.Air,water,and pneumatic atomized water were chosen as new quenching media.Fluent software is used to simulate the interaction process of quenching media and slag,compare the effects of granulation and heat recovery,analyze the mechanism and influencing factors,and then propose the optimization direction of process parameters.The results show that the flow field outside the dual-medium atomization nozzle has a large atomization radius,a large jet velocity and a long jet distance.The optimized structural parameters are as follows:the shrinkage half cone angle is 40°,the throat diameter is 5 mm,the expansion section length is 13 mm,and the expansion half cone angle is 5°.The Pneumatic atomized water significantly improves the effect of granulation.The proportion of particle size below 1 mm in the slag increased by 8%,and the proportion of particle size above 4 mm decreased by 3%.Meanwhile,the atomized water increases the temperature reduction of the slag by 200 K,which provides effective support for improving the heat exchange efficiency.The simulation results of the cooling and solidification process show that the gas velocity and water velocity of pneumatic atomized water are two key factors affecting the granulation and heat transfer effect.The process with water velocity of 15 m/s and gas velocity of 65 m/s has a better granulation effect and a higher degree of solidification.Compared with the traditional treatment method,the granulation effect and heat recovery efficiency are enhanced,which provides theoretical and technical support for metallurgical enterprises to carry out slag heat recovery and resource utilization.

关 键 词：气力雾化水 熔渣 粒化 显热回收 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]