123例儿童全血细胞减少的临床特点及病因分析  

Clinical characteristics and etiology of pancytopenia in 123 children

作　　者：陈美君[1] 胡政斌 Chen Meijun;Hu Zhengbin(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases,Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guandong 510150,China;Women and Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guandong 510627,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省产科重大疾病重点实验室,广东省妇产疾病临床医学研究中心,广州医科大学附属第三医院,广东广州510150 [2]广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心,广东广州510627

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2025年第7期35-38,共4页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析123例儿童全血细胞减少的临床特点,探讨儿童全血细胞减少的病因谱。方法回顾性分析2019年1月-2023年12月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心血液肿瘤科诊断的123例全血细胞减少患儿的临床症状、血液学变化、骨髓细胞学检查等资料,统计分析其临床特征及病因特点。结果全血细胞减少患儿临床特征以发热、皮肤黏膜苍白、出血为主;骨髓增生情况与外周血象变化有差异,23例(18.70%)全血细胞减少患儿骨髓增生减低,100例(81.30%)患儿为非骨髓增生减低,两者分布有统计学差异(P<0.05);病因学上,再生障碍性贫血46例(37.40%)为最常见病因,其次为急性白血病40例(32.52%)。结论儿童全血细胞减少是临床常见的血液学综合征,仍以再生障碍性贫血和急性白血病为主,但其病因分类复杂,需要临床医生运用多种诊疗手段提高诊断率。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of pancytopenia in 123 children,and to explore the etiological spectrum of pancytopenia in children.Methods The clinical symptoms,hematological changes and bone marrow cytology of 123 children with pancytopenia diagnosed in the Department of Hematology and Oncology of Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center from January 2019 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and the clinical characteristics and etiological characteristics were statistically analyzed.Results The main clinical features of pancytopenia are fever,pale skin and mucosa,and bleeding.There was a significant difference between myelodysplasia and peripheral blood images.23 cases(18.70%)with pancytopenia had reduced myelodysplasia,while 100 cases(81.30%)had non-myelodysplasia,and there was a significant difference in the distribution of the two(P<0.05);in terms of etiology,46 cases(37.40%)of aplastic anemia was the most common cause,followed by 40 cases(32.52%)of acute leukemia.Conclusion Pancytopenia is a common hematological syndrome in children,mainly aplastic anemia and acute leukemia.However,the etiology of pancytopenia is complicated,and clinicians need to use a variety of diagnosis and treatment methods to improve the definite diagnosis rate.

关 键 词：儿童 全血细胞减少 临床特征 病因分析 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]