含杂原子有机硫正极材料研究进展  

Recent progress in organosulfur cathode materials containing heteroatoms

作　　者：于钱 付永柱 郭玮[1] Qian Yu;Yongzhu Fu;Wei Guo(College of Chemistry,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化学学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第9期1151-1163,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2402200);国家自然科学基金(22179120)资助。

摘　　要：有机电极材料具有安全环保、材料可再生、结构可设计和价格低廉等优点,是一种很有前途的高容量锂电池正极材料.其中,有机硫化物随着锂-硫电池的发展而受到越来越多的关注.与硫正极类似,基于S-S键可逆的断裂与重组,有机硫化物可以提供相对较高的理论容量.然而,有机硫正极材料的电导率较差、氧化还原动力学缓慢、循环稳定性不理想和循环产物易溶解等固有问题严重影响了其发展前景.通过在有机硫分子中引入杂原子来设计和合成新的有机硫分子是一种有效的策略.杂化有机硫正极材料因其独特的设计策略和灵活的电化学调控而受到越来越多的关注.基于此,本文综述了含杂原子的有机硫化物作为可充电电池正极材料的研究进展,总结了杂化有机硫正极的反应机理和调控机制,并对其存在的挑战和未来的发展前景进行了讨论.The pursuit of next-generation energy storage systems has intensified research on lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,which offer high energy density and low cost.However,the practical application of Li-S batteries is hindered by issues such as the shuttle effect,low electrical conductivity of sulfur,and large volume changes during cycling.Organic electrode materials possess advantages such as safety,environmental friendliness,sustainability,design flexibility,and low cost,making them promising cathode materials for high-capacity lithium batteries.Among them,organosulfur has received increasing attention with the development of lithium-sulfur batteries.Similar to sulfur cathodes,organosulfur electrodes can provide a relatively high theoretical capacity based on the reversible breaking and formation of S-S bonds.However,inherent problems such as poor conductivity,sluggish redox kinetics,unsatisfactory cycling stability,and the solubility of cycling products seriously hinder the development of organosulfur cathode materials.Doping heteroatoms into organosulfur molecules to design and synthesize new organosulfur molecules is an effective strategy to improve the performance of organic sulfur cathodes.Heteroatom doping offers a versatile method to modify the electronic structure and chemical reactivity of organosulfur cathodes.By introducing elements such as oxygen(O),nitrogen(N),selenium(Se),tellurium(Te)and phosphorus(P),researchers aim to tailor the material’s properties to improve conductivity,accelerate redox reactions,stabilize electrode interfaces,and mitigate dissolution issues of reaction intermediates.Hybridized organosulfur cathode materials have received more and more attention due to their unique design strategy and flexible electrochemical modulation.Therefore,the research progress in heteroatom-containing organosulfur cathode materials is reviewed comprehensively in this paper,summarizing their applications in lithium battery systems.It primarily discusses heteroatom-containing small molecule organic sulfur

关 键 词：有机硫化物 正极材料 杂原子掺杂 可充电电池 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]