生防菌剂对当归麻口病防治效果及其根际土壤微生态调节  

Control of Angelica nematode and regulation of Angelica sinensis rhizosphere soil microecology by biocontrol agents

作　　者：李铮 王艳 晋玲 王允瑶 王子贤 郭增祥 王伟 LI Zheng;WANG Yan;JIN Ling;WANG Yunyao;WANG Zixian;GUO Zengxiang;WANG Wei(College of Pharmacy,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-constructed by Gansu Province&MOE of PRC,Lanzhou 730000,China;Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Minxian Angelica Research Institute,Dingxi 743000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,兰州730000 [2]西北中藏药省部共建协同创新中心,兰州730000 [3]甘肃省中医药研究中心,兰州730000 [4]甘肃岷县当归研究院,甘肃定西743000

出　　处：《农药》2025年第4期300-306,312,共8页Agrochemicals

基　　金：中药保障与创新能力提升项目(甘中医药综函[2024]14号);甘肃省科技计划项目(23ZDFA013-1);西北中藏药省部共建协同创新中心开放基金项目(Xbzzy-2022-02);甘肃省中医药研究中心开放课题(zyzx-2023-20);甘肃省2023年度优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2023CXZX-763)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究施用生防菌剂对当归麻口病的防治效果及其根际微生态的影响。[方法]通过田间生物防治和室内土壤理化性质、酶活及可培养微生物测定相结合的方法进行试验。[结果]短小芽孢杆菌DST27、微白黄链霉菌HQT43及复合菌剂DST27+HQT43(1∶1)处理均有积极作用,其中复合菌剂处理效果最佳,防效为79.30%,增产率为55.58%。生防菌剂对当归药效成分影响显著,DST27处理的阿魏酸含量最高,为1.62 mg/g,较对照增加了18.25%;其次为复合菌剂处理,为1.50 mg/g,较对照增加了9.49%;复合菌剂处理的藁本内酯含量最高,达17.70 mg/g,较对照高出12.81%。在当归生长期时的土壤养分、酶活、微生物数量均要高于移栽期和采收期,各处理土壤的理化性质和酶活均有一定改善。与对照相比,各菌剂处理显著增加当归根际土壤可培养细菌、放线菌数量,降低真菌数量。[结论]复合菌剂可有效防治当归麻口病,提高当归产量,改善品质及调节根际土壤微生态。[Aims]This study aims to explore the control effect of biocontrol agents on Angelica nenatode and its impact on rhizosphere microecology.[Methods]The study was conducted by combining the field biological control trial with the laboratory determination of soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activity and culturable microorganisms.[Results]Bacillus pumilus DST27,Streptomyces albidoflavus HQT43,and composite agent DST27+HQT43(1∶1)all had good control effect,and the composite agent was the best among them,with a control efficacy of 79.30%and a yield increase of 55.58%.Biocontrol agents had a significant impact on the medicinal ingredients of A.sinensis.The ferulic acid content in the DST27 treatment was the highest(1.62 mg/g),with an increase of 18.25%compared with the control;followed by the DST27+HQT43 treatment(1.50 mg/g),with an increase of 9.49%compared with the control.The content of ligustilide in DST27+HQT43 treatment was the highest,reaching 17.70 mg/g,which was 12.81%higher than that of the control group.The soil nutrients,enzyme activity,and microorganism quantity during the growth period of A.sinensis were all higher than those during the transplanting and harvesting periods,and the physical and chemical properties and the enzyme activity of the soil in each treatment were improved to some extent.Compared with control group,each biocontrol treatment significantly increased the number of cultivable bacteria and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of A.sinensis,while reducing the number of fungi.[Conclusions]Composite agent DST27+HQT43 can effectively prevent and control Angelica neamatode,increase the yield and quality of A.sinensis,and regulate the rhizosphere soil microecology.

关 键 词：当归麻口病 生物防治 产量 根际微生态 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学] TQ450.2[农业科学—植物保护]