“蝶形托板-锚索”匹配性及锚索防剪保护机理研究  

Study on the matching of"butterfly support plate-anchor cable"and the anti-shear protection mechanism of anchor cable

作　　者：涂敏[1] 郭福鑫 TU Min;GUO Fuxin(School of Mining Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学矿业工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2025年第2期306-316,共11页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：安徽省高效协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-056);国家自然科学基金项目(52074008)。

摘　　要：煤矿巷道顶板锚索容易发生拉剪破断事故,除了顶板岩层错动外,还要考虑“蝶形托板-锚索”构件间内在联系。针对此类问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟与实验室试验相结合的研究方法,提出了托板斜面挠曲变形解析式与锚索受剪力学解析式,分析了传统蝶形托板与防剪蝶形托板受压变形规律、“托板-锚索”构件间应力分布特征以及锚索防剪保护机理。结果表明:传统蝶形托板在锚具压力作用下发生弹塑性变形,托板顶部锚索孔壁沿锚索与孔壁接触面法向变形剪切锚索,在剪切力作用下,锚索外丝产生剪切损伤,直至拉剪破断。防剪托板受压变形剪切托板孔铝管,避免托板与锚索直接接触。采用增加铝制缓冲管的防剪蝶形托板,锚索破断极限由596 kN提升至616 kN,锚索最大拉伸量由50.1 mm提升至88.6 mm。Anchor cables in roadway roof are prone to tensile-shear fracturing due to the dislocation of roof strata and the internal relationship between"butterfly support plate-anchor cable"components.In view of this problem,this study conducted research work by theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and laboratory tests.First,analytical formulas of flexural deformation of inclined support plate and shear mechanics of anchor cable were proposed.Besides,the compression deformation laws of the traditional butterfly support plate and the anti-shear butterfly support plate were analyzed,and the stress distribution characteristics between“support plate-anchor cable”components and the anti-shear protection mechanism of anchor cable were explored.The results reveal that the traditional butterfly support plate experiences elastic-plastic deformation under anchorage pressure.The hole wall of the anchor cable at the support plate top deforms and shears the anchor cable along the normal direction of the contact surface between the anchor cable and the hole wall.Under the action of shear force,the outer wire of the anchor cable undergoes shear damage until tensile-shear fracturing.When being compressed,the anti-shear support plate deforms and shears the aluminum tube of the plate hole,which avoids the direct contact between the support plate and the anchor cable.After the application of the anti-shear butterfly support plate of the aluminum buffer tube,the breakage limit of the anchor cable is raised from 596 kN to 616 kN,and the maximum tensile amount of it is promoted from 50.1 mm to 88.6 mm.

关 键 词：“托板-锚索”匹配性 托板斜面挠曲变形 锚索防剪保护机理 锚索拉伸试验 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]