基于眼控人机交互的座舱振动环境对飞行员视觉定位能力的影响  

Effect of Cockpit Vibration Environment on Pilots'Visual Positioning Ability Based on Eye Controlled Human-computer Interaction

作　　者：胡博 谷波 郭小朝 刘庆峰 段宇 郝梦婷 白玉 陈园园 王嫣嫣 HU Bo;GU Bo;GUO Xiao-chao;LIU Qing-feng;DUAN Yu;HAO Meng-ting;BAI Yu;CHEN Yuan-yuan;WANG Yan-yan(Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China;School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心,北京100142 [2]西北工业大学航空学院,西安710072

出　　处：《人类工效学》2025年第1期1-6,12,共7页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：目的探究座舱振动环境中振动幅度对飞行员视觉定位能力的影响。方法在搭建的模拟座舱振动环境的实验平台中采用线性追踪和点到点两种任务范式进行实验研究。结果(1)线性追踪任务下,眼控误差范围在振动幅度静态与0.05 cm之间显著增大,随后并不随振动幅度的增加而发生显著变化,而点到点任务下,眼控误差范围在振动幅度0.10 cm与0.15 cm之间显著增大,当振动幅度<0.10 cm时,点到点任务的眼控误差范围差异不大;(2)随速率增加,眼控误差范围逐渐增大,速率1 cm/s时,眼控误差范围最小;(3)随符号间距离增加,眼控误差范围逐渐增大,距离5 cm时,眼控误差范围最小。结论不同任务范式下,振动幅度对飞行员视觉定位能力影响不同;在为移动目标设置有效注视面积时,不仅要考虑注视目标本身的有效眼控范围,还需要考虑其移动速率以及任务距离,移动速率越快,任务距离越长,有效注视面积应设置越大;任务距离不宜设置过长,避免眼控交互的准确率下降。Objective To explore the impact of vibration amplitude on pilots'visual positioning ability in a cockpit vibration environment.Methods Two task paradigms,linear tracking and point-to-point,were employed in an experimental platform designed to simulate cockpit vibration environments.Results(1)Under the linear tracking task,the eye control error range significantly increased between the static vibration amplitude and 0.05cm,and then showed no significant change with further increases in vibration amplitude.For the point-to-point task,the eye control error range significantly increased between vibration amplitudes of 0.10cm and 0.15cm.When the vibration amplitude was less than 0.10cm,there was little difference in the eye control error range for the point-to-point task;(2)As velocity increases,the eye control error range gradually widens,with the smallest error range occurring at a velocity of 1cm/s;(3)As the distance between symbols increases,the eye control error range gradually widens,with the smallest error range occurring at a distance of 5cm.Conclusion Vibration amplitude differently affects pilots'visual localization abilities under different task paradigms.When setting an effective fixation area for a moving target,it is necessary to consider not only the effective eye control range of the target itself but also its moving speed and task distance.The faster the moving speed and the longer the task distance,the larger the effective fixation area should be set.Additionally,the task distance should not be set excessively long to prevent a decrease in the accuracy of eye control interaction.

关 键 词：工业设计 界面 飞机座舱 视觉定位能力 眼控交互 振动幅度 眼控误差 飞行员 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]