道岔打磨对车轮磨耗下列车动力学影响  

Influence of Turnout Grinding on Vehicle Dynamics with Wheel Wear

作　　者：肖乾[1] 杨逸航 XIAO Qian;YANG Yihang(Key Laboratory of Railway Industry on Intelligent Operation and Maintenance for Locomotive and Rolling Stock,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330013,China;China Railway Materials Operation and Maintenance Technology Co.Ltd,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学机车车辆智能运维铁路行业重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]中铁物总运维科技有限公司,北京100036

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2025年第3期12-17,共6页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(5237120886,5197053185)。

摘　　要：研究目的:本研究针对380A型列车在通过特定道岔时车体振动加速度超限的问题,旨在通过采集列车车轮及道岔钢轨廓形数据,制定和实施详细的打磨方案,并通过仿真模拟与现场实测相结合的方法,探究打磨对列车动力学特性的影响,以提高列车通过道岔时的稳定性。研究结论:(1)研究发现多组列车车轮存在多边形磨耗、扁疤磨耗及凹坑磨耗现象,同时高速道岔轨面出现多种病害,这些病害对列车动力学特性有显著影响;(2)为了提高作业效率,对打磨目标廓形进行了简单优化,以适应实际打磨需求;(3)车辆-道岔耦合动力学模型仿真模拟结果表明,打磨后列车通过道岔时轮轨横向力及垂向力最大值分别降低了45.79%和15.40%;车体横向加速度及垂向加速度最大值分别降低了36.96%和30.00%;(4)现场实测数据显示,打磨后列车通过道岔时车体最大横向加速度降低至0.64m/s^(2),较打磨前降低55.86%;轮轨横向力及垂向力最大值分别为34.51kN和152.47kN,较打磨前降低42.82%和17.38%;(5)通过道岔打磨可以有效改善车轮磨耗条件下列车的动力学特性,对提高高速列车运行稳定性具有实际应用价值。Research purposes:Aiming at the issue of excessive carbody vibration acceleration in 380A trains when passing through specific turnouts,this study aims to collect data on train wheel and turnout rail profiles,develop and implement detailed grinding strategies,and investigate the impact of grinding on train dynamic characteristics through a combination of simulation and field testing,so as to enhance the operational stability of trains passing through turnouts.Research conclusions:(1)The study found that multiple train wheel sets exhibit polygonal wear,flat scar wear,and pit wear,while high-speed turnout rails show various forms of degradation,significantly affecting train dynamic characteristics.(2)To improve work efficiency,the target grinding profiles are simply optimized to meet practical grinding requirements.(3)Simulation results from the vehicle-turnout coupled dynamic model indicate that after grinding,the maximum values of wheel-rail lateral and vertical forces are reduced by 45.79%and 15.40%,respectively;and the maximum values of carbody lateral and vertical accelerations are reduced by 36.96%and 30.00%,respectively.(4)Field measurement data show that after grinding,the maximum lateral acceleration of the train carbody passing through the turnout is reduced to 0.64 m/s^(2),a decrease of 55.86%compared to before grinding;the maximum values of wheel-rail lateral and vertical forces are 34.51 kN and 152.47 kN,respectively,a reduction of 42.82%and 17.38%compared to before grinding.(5)Grinding of turnouts can effectively improve the dynamic characteristics of trains under wheel wear conditions,which has practical application value for enhancing the operational stability of high-speed trains.

关 键 词：高速列车 道岔钢轨打磨 多边形磨耗 扁疤磨耗 车辆动力学 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]