疏勒河上游不同退化类型冻土微生物碳源利用特征  

Characteristics of Soil Microbes Carbon Source Utilization Capacity Among Different Types of Degraded Permafrost in the Upstream Region of Shule River

作　　者：张宝贵 刘晓娇 高文兰 王莹英 赵慧茹 ZHANG Baogui;LIU Xiaojiao;GAO Wenlan;WANG Yingying;ZHAO Huiru(School of Geographic Sciences,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Security in Fenhe River Basin,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中030619 [2]太原师范学院汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验室,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2025年第1期12-22,共11页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新基金项目(2021L437);山西省哲学社会科学规划基金项目(2022YJ116,2024YB135);山西省应用基础研究计划面上项目(202403021221192)。

摘　　要：为比较青藏高原东北缘疏勒河上游不同退化类型冻土微生物碳源利用特征,以空间代时间的方法采用Biolog ECO板在4℃与25℃两种培养温度下研究冻土退化对微生物碳源利用能力的影响。结果表明:(1)在两种温度下,所有类型冻土微生物对大多数碳源均能利用,体现了该区域微生物功能多样性。进一步分析表明,微生物总体利用碳源能力随着冻土退化程度加深而显著下降(P<0.05),表明不同类型冻土微生物群落组成差异显著;(2)表征微生物利用碳源能力的多样性指数及均匀度指数呈先增加后降低趋势。对每种类型冻土而言,功能多样性指数随培养温度升高而降低,暗示该地区存在更多的嗜冷微生物;利用碳源能力随培养温度升高而增强,主要源于对氨基酸、羧酸、酯类利用能力提高。(3)非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)表明:在25℃,微生物利用碳源能力与土壤总氮、植被多样性指数及物种丰富度指数呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);而在4℃仅与土壤粗砂含量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),低温胁迫可能成为关键限制因子。冻土退化对疏勒河上游不同退化类型冻土微生物碳源利用能力影响显著。The carbon source utilization characteristics of microbial in different degrees of permafrost degradation was analysed in the upstream of the Shule River at the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) to understand the effects of permafrost degradation on the utilization carbon sources ability of microorganism by using the method of replacing time with space and Biolog ECO plates under two cultivation temperatures of 4℃ and 25℃.Microorganisms in all types of permafrost can utilize the most of carbon sources under two different temperatures reflecting the functional diversity of microorganism in the region.The overall ability of carbon sources utilization of microorganism decreased significantly with the degrees of permafrost degradation(P<0.05),indicating the significant differences in microbial community composition among different types of permafrost.The diversity index and richness index,which characterize the carbon source utilization ability of microorganism,showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend.For each type of permafrost,the functional diversity index decreases with increasing cultivation temperature,indicating the presence of more cryophiles in the region.The ability to utilize carbon sources increases with the increase of cultivation temperature,mainly due to the improved utilization ability of amino acids,carboxylic acids,and esters.The results of Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS) analysis revealed that soil total nitrogen,vegetation diversity index(H') and species richness index(S) were positively correlated with utilization ability of 31 different carbon sources(P<0.01) of microbial at 25℃.In contrast,grain size distribution determined by the proportion of coarse sand was negatively correlated with microbial activity at 4℃(P<0.01),suggesting low-temperature stress may be the environmental factor limiting the carbon sources utilization ability of microorganism.In conclusion,the permafrost degradation significantly affects microbial carbon source utili

关 键 词：疏勒河上游 冻土退化 土壤微生物 碳源代谢 环境因子 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]