四川省野生兰科(Orchidaceae)植物多样性及地理区系分析  

Diversity and Geographical Flora Analysis of Wild Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province,China

作　　者：黄钟宣 向涌旗 余安卫 陈小红[1,2] 李贤伟 HUANG Zhongxuan;XIANG Yongqi;YU Anwei;CHEN Xiaohong;LI Xianwei(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province&National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,四川成都611130 [2]长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室&长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2025年第1期43-54,共12页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家林业局重点科技项目(003Z0306)。

摘　　要：为掌握四川省野生兰科(Orchidaceae)植物多样性现状,进一步开发与保护野生兰科植物资源。通过查询历史标本记录和文献资料,经过筛选、剔除、定名,最终获得了四川省兰科植物资源名录,分析兰科植物的物种组成、珍稀濒危状况和特有状况。四川省野生兰科植物共84属409种(含种下级别),以玉凤花属(Habenaria)(28种)、虾脊兰属(Calanthe)(27种)、杓兰属(Cypripedium)(26种)、小红门兰属(Ponerorchis)(24种)为主;地生兰289种,附生兰90种,腐生兰30种。地理区系分析表明,四川省野生兰科植物区系在属级和种级上均以热带成分为主。中国特有兰科植物154种,受威胁物种155种,国家重点保护野生兰科植物71种。近年来发现兰科植物新种8种,四川省新记录物种17种。四川省野生兰科植物资源种类丰富,地理区系较复杂,特有性和保护价值高。The species composition,rare and endangered status,and endemism and geographical characteristics of Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province were analyzed by screening,delimiting,renaming based on historical specimen records and literature materials in order to understanding the current status of wild Orchidaceae plant diversity in Sichuan Province and further develop and protect wild Orchidaceae plant resources.To master the current status of wild Orchidaceae diversity in Sichuan Province,and to provide scientific basis for further development and protection of wild orchid resources.By searching the historical specimen records and literature,a list of orchid resources was obtained in Sichuan Province through screening,eliminating and delimiting,and analyzed the species composition,endemic status,rare and endangered status,and geographic characteristics of orchids.A list of Orchidaceae resources was obtained in Sichuan Province.The wild Orchidaceae consisted of 84 genera and 409 species(including subspecies) in Sichuan Province,dominated by Habenaria(28 species),Calanthe(27 species),Cypripedium(26 species) and Ponero rchis(24 species).There are 289 terrestrial species,90 epiphytic species and 30 saprophytic species of Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province.The result of geographical analysis showed that the wild Orchidaceae flora was dominated by tropical components on both genus and species levels in Sichuan Province.There are 154 species endemic to China,155 threatened speciesand 71 species listed in national key protected wild Orchidaceae.In recent years,8 new species of Orchidaceae have been discovered and 17 species have been newly recorded in Sichuan Province.The wild Orchidaceae resources are rich in species in Sichuan Province with relative complex in geographical regiones,high endemism and conservation value.

关 键 词：兰科 物种多样性 植物区系 主成分分析 四川 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]