不同海拔健康男性逐级递增负荷运动血压、通气量与氧代谢变化特征  

Characteristics of Changes in Blood Pressure,Ventilation and Oxygen Metabolism in Healthy Men at Different Altitudes

作　　者：孔海军 李新龙 朱元宝 甘胜前 邓燕[3] KONG Haijun;LI Xinlong;ZHU Yuanbao;GAN Shengqian;DENG Yan(College of physical education,Kashi University,Kashi 844000,China;Bandir Township Health Center,Tashkurgan County,Kashi 844000,China;The Second People's Hospital of Aksu Region,Akesu 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]喀什大学体育学院,新疆喀什844000 [2]新疆塔什库尔干县班迪尔乡卫生院,新疆喀什844000 [3]阿克苏地区第二人民医院,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2025年第1期78-85,128,共9页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科技计划(XJEDU2021SY040)。

摘　　要：目的:分析不同海拔健康男性逐级递增负荷运动血压、通气量与氧代谢变化特征,探究上述指标对高原运动风险评估的可行性。方法:招募112名受试者,根据移居高原年限分为高原移居Ⅰ组(HM1)、高原移居Ⅱ组(HM2)、高原移居Ⅲ组(HM3)、世居高原组(HA)和世居平原组(SL)。采用逐级递增负荷运动测试(Graded exercise test,GXT),分别监测静息条件、各级负荷后、运动后恢复期受试者血氧饱和度、股外侧肌肌氧饱和度、血压和肺通气量。结果:随运动强度上升,各组受试者收缩压、舒张压、肺通气量均呈上升趋势,血氧饱和度和股外侧肌肌氧饱和度呈下降趋势。与SL组和HA组比较,HM1组、HM2组和HM3组受试者静息条件、各级负荷后、运动后恢复期收缩压、肺通气量显著上升(P<0.05),血氧饱和度和股外侧肌肌氧饱和度显著下降(P<0.05);与HM3组比较,HM1组和HM2组各阶段血压、肺通气量普遍下降,血氧饱和度和股外侧肌肌氧饱和度显著上升;高原习服<5年时,负荷5和负荷6收缩压和负荷6血氧饱和度可作为中短期高原习服人群不良血压反应及重度低氧血症的运动强度阈值。结论:世居平原、世居高原及高原移居者逐级递增负荷运动中血压、通气量与氧代谢能力存在一定差异;随高原习服时间延长,受试者运动中上述指标反应逐渐趋向于“高原化”;从事高强度运动应考虑不良血压反应及重度低氧血症风险。Objective To analyze the characteristics of blood pressure,ventilation and oxygen metabolism in healthy men at different altitudes during progressive incremental exercise,and explore the feasibility of the above mentioned indicators in the risk assessment of high altitude exercise.Methods A total of 112 subjects were recruited and divided into high altitude migration group Ⅰ(HM1),high altitude migration group Ⅱ(HM2),high altitude migration group Ⅲ(HM3),native high altitude group(HA) and native Low-high altitude group(SL) according to the years of migration.A Graded exercise test(GXT) was employed to monitor the blood oxygen saturation,lateral femoral muscle oxygen saturation,blood pressure,and pulmonary ventilation of the subjects at rest,after each load,and during the recovery period after exercise.Results With the increase in exercise intensity,the systolic pressure,diastolic pressure and pulmonary ventilation volume of the subjects in each group exhibited an upward trend,while the blood oxygen saturation and the lateral femoral muscle oxygen saturation showed a downward trend.Compared with SL group and HA group,subjects in HM1 group,HM2 group and HM3 group had a significant increase in systolic pressure and pulmonary ventilation volume in the resting condition,after each load,and during the recovery period after exercise(P<0.05),while blood oxygen saturation and lateral femoral muscle oxygen saturation decreased significantly(P<0.05);Compared with HM3 group,the blood pressure and pulmonary ventilation in the HM1 group and HM2 group generally decreased at all stages,while the blood oxygen saturation and lateral femoral muscle oxygen saturation increased significantly;When the altitude acclimatization time was less than 5 years,the systolic blood pressure at Load 5-Load 6 and the blood oxygen saturation at Load 6 could be used as the exercise intensity thresholds for adverse blood pressure reactions and severe hypoxemia in the medium-and short-term altitude-acclimatized population.Conclusion There are cert

关 键 词：高原移居 逐级递增负荷运动 血压 通气量 氧代谢能力 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]