中药苦参的研究进展  

Research progress on Sophora Flavescens of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：刘梦肖 陈林林 王彦 张俊平 LIU Mengxiao;CHEN Linlin;WANG Yan;ZHANG Junping(School of Pharmacy,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China;Center for Drug Discovery and Development,School of Pharmacy,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;Department of Anesthesiology,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学药学院,福建福州350122 [2]海军军医大学药学系军特药研究中心,上海200433 [3]海军军医大学麻醉系,上海200433

出　　处：《药学实践与服务》2025年第4期156-162,共7页Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Service

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81772124);上海市“科技创新行动计划”生物医药科技支撑专项(20S11902900)。

摘　　要：中药苦参为豆科植物苦参的干燥根,始载于《神农本草经》。苦参中含有多种活性成分,主要包括苦参碱和氧化苦参碱,具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗心律失常与抗病原微生物等多种药理作用,临床上苦参复方制剂主要包括复方苦参注射液、苦参凝胶等,可用于治疗多种癌症,改善皮肤、黏膜瘙痒疼痛等多种症状。由于苦参碱生物利用度较差,因此需要对苦参碱进行结构改造,其中,苦参碱衍生物MASM仅需较低浓度即可对脓毒症和肝纤维化等疾病具有较好的治疗效果。该文主要对苦参的化学成分、药理作用、复方制剂及苦参碱的结构修饰进展进行综述,为中药苦参的临床应用和新药研发提供理论依据。Sophora Flavescens is the dried root of the leguminous plant Sophora Flavescens Ait.It was first published in Shen Nong's Herbal Classic.Sophora Flavescens contains a variety of active ingredients,mainly including matrine and oxymatrine,with anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,anti-arrhythmia,disease-resistant pathogenic microorganisms and other pharmacological effects.Clinically,the compound preparations of Sophora Flavescens include Compound KuShen injection and KuShen gel and so on,which can be used to treat many types of cancers and improve skin,mucous pruritus,pain and other symptoms.Due to the poor bioavailability,the structure of matrine needs to be reformed.MASM,matrine derivative,only needs a low concentration to have a good therapeutic effect on sepsis and liver fibrosis.In this article,the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,compound preparations and structural modification of matrine were mainly discussed,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Sophora Flavescens and the development of new drugs.

关 键 词：苦参 苦参碱 氧化苦参碱 药理作用 MASM 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]