2021-2023年某院药品不良反应的特点分析  

Analysis of characteristics of adverse drug reactions in a hospital from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：王燕[1] 方铭 宋红卫 钟超 徐峰[1] 周婷[1] WANG Yan;FANG Ming;SONG Hongwei;ZHONG Chao;XU Feng;ZHOU Ting(Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 201400,China;School of Pharmacy,Shanghai University of Medical Science and Health,Shanghai 201318,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院南院,上海201400 [2]上海健康医学院药学院,上海201318

出　　处：《药学实践与服务》2025年第4期200-204,共5页Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Service

基　　金：中国医药教育协会科研基金课题(CMEA2024001);上海青年药学人才提升项目(202304)。

摘　　要：目的分析上海交通大学附属第六人民医院南院(我院)2021-2023年期间报告的药品不良反应(ADR)特点,为促进临床合理用药提供参考。方法回顾性收集我院报告的ADR数据,包括患者基本信息,发生不良反应药物、类型及转归情况等。采用描述性分析方法对数据进行归纳和统计。结果2021-2023年,我院共报告了979例ADR。在31~50岁年龄区间患者发生ADR比例最高,男性患者(63.5%)较多。涉及药品排名前5位的分别是抗菌药物(48.8%)、中药注射剂(19.2%)、维生素类(7.5%)、中成药(7.2%)和马破伤风免疫球蛋白(6.3%)。其中抗菌药物品种主要有头孢呋辛、头孢他啶、头孢替安等。ADR累及的器官/系统以皮肤及附件(55.4%)为主,临床表现是皮疹、瘙痒、斑丘疹等。结论2021-2023年我院最常发生ADR的药品以抗菌药物为主,抗菌药物的临床合理使用仍需引起重视。Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)reported in Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus,Shanghai Jiaotong University from 2021 to 2023,to provide reference for promoting rational clinical drug use.Methods ADR data reported in our hospital were collected retrospectively,including patients’basic information,drugs causing adverse reactions,types of adverse reactions and outcomes.Descriptive analysis methods were used to summarize and analyze the data.Results A total of 979 cases of ADR were reported in our hospital from 2021 to 2023.The highest proportion of patients with ADR occurred in the age range of 31 to 50,and more male patients(63.5%).The top five drugs involved with adverse reactions were antibiotics(48.8%),Chinese medicine injections(19.2%),vitamins(7.5%),Chinese traditional medicine(7.2%),equine tetanus immunoglobulin(6.3%).Among antibiotics,cefuroxime,ceftazidime and cefotiam were the majority.The organs/systems involved in all ADR were mainly skin and accessories damage(55.4%).The clinical manifestations were rash,itching,and maculopapular rash.Conclusion From 2021 to 2023,the most common drugs causing adverse drug reactions in our hospital were mainly antibacterial drugs,and the rational clinical use of antibacterial drugs still needs to be concerned.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 抗菌药物 合理用药 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]