GIS带电操作下金属微粒起跳吸附及诱发绝缘子沿面闪络特性  

Metal Particles Movement and Its Induced Insulator Flashover Characteristics in GIS Under Electrified Operation

作　　者：李晓昂[1] 杨晓宇[1] 吕肖肖 向岭 王浩 张乔根[1] LI Xiaoang;YANG Xiaoyu;LYU Xiaoxiao;XIANG Ling;WANG Hao;ZHANG Qiaogen(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第3期1025-1037,共13页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(5500-202355792A-3-8-KJ)。

摘　　要：国家电网公司超/特高压金属封闭组合电器(gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear,GIS)故障统计表明,开关带电操作后秒级至分钟级内发生故障的占比较高,疑与开关操作机械振动激发异物运动有关。针对于此,构建了126 kV真型GIS模拟操作试验平台,重点研究了带电操作下绝缘子附近金属微粒运动及放电特性。结果表明,断路器带电操作产生机械振动的峰值可达100g(g表示重力加速度),持续时间30~50 ms,会明显降低金属微粒起跳场强,激发微粒运动。当受激微粒位于绝缘子附近时,可吸附于绝缘子表面,并产生“转向”行为,即线形微粒沿着电场线方向排布。当多个微粒同时吸附时,由于多微粒对电场的畸变作用,微粒会产生“转向”、“吸引”等行为,并最终形成“多星连珠”的径向排列趋势。最后试验研究了0.4 MPa SF6中不同微粒数量对126 kV真型盆式绝缘子沿面闪络电压的影响规律,发现吸附微粒可显著降低盆式绝缘子闪络电压,特别是当微粒形成“多星连珠”排列时,闪络电压可降至126k VGIS工频耐压值的52%。该文研究阐明了GIS带电操作条件下异物起跳吸附和诱发绝缘子闪络的基本过程,对于认识带电操作下GIS突发放电机理和绝缘优化具有很好的参考作用。According to statistics from the State Grid Corporation of China,a high proportion of faults occur within sec-onds to minutes after operating a switch while it is energized,indicating a possible correlation with mechanical vibrations induced by the switch operation causing foreign object movement.In this study,a 126 kV real-type simulation operation platform for gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear(GIS)was established to investigate the movement of metallic parti-cles near insulators and discharge characteristics under energized conditions.The results indicate that the peak mechanical vibration generated by the energized operation of the circuit breaker reaches 100g(g represents the acceleration due to graving),lasting 30~50 ms,significantly reducing the threshold for metal particle jumping and inducing particle move-ment.When stimulated particles are located near insulators,they can adhere to the insulator surface and exhibit an“alignment”behavior,where the particles align linearly along the direction of the electric field lines.With multiple parti-cles simultaneously adhering,the interaction-induced distortion of the electric field leads to behaviors such as“alignment”and“attraction”,ultimately resulting in a radial arrangement trend known as“multiple-star alignment”.Moreover,the in-fluence of varying particle quantities in 0.4 MPa SF6 on the surface flashover voltage of a 126 kV real-type bushing insulator is investigated.It is observed that the presence of adsorbed particles significantly reduces the flashover voltage of the bushing insulator,particularly when particles are arranged in a“string-of-pearls”configuration,leading to a flasho-ver voltage decrease to 50%of the 126 kV GIS AC withstand voltage.The paper elucidates the fundamental processes of foreign object jumping and adhesion under charged GIS operating conditions,shedding light on the mechanisms of sud-den discharge in GIS and insulation optimization under electrified operations.

关 键 词：金属封闭组合电器 金属微粒 断路器操作 冲击振动 闪络 

分 类 号：TM595[电气工程—电器]