正极性操作冲击电压下组合空气间隙放电物理模型  

Physical Model of Combined Air Gaps Under Positive Switching Impulse

作　　者：伍绍铖 王力农[1,2] 高嘉辰 王官健 宋斌[1,2] WU Shaocheng;WANG Linong;GAO Jiachen;WANG Guanjian;SONG Bin(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Lightning Protection and Grounding Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学雷电防护与接地技术教育部工程研究中心,武汉430072 [3]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第3期1389-1401,I0009,I0010,共15页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52307172)。

摘　　要：带电作业组合间隙是作业人员开展输电线路带电作业过程中,导线、作业人员和杆塔构成的空气间隙。带电作业组合间隙的击穿电压反映了该组合间隙的绝缘强度,对于作业人员安全具有重要安全意义。基于棒-棒-板组合间隙和棒-球棒-板组合间隙在正极性操作冲击电压下的放电过程观测结果,建立了能够描述组合空气间隙放电发展过程,计算间隙击穿电压的放电物理模型。利用建立的物理模型和Rizk模型分别对试验中获取到的组合间隙的放电特性进行计算对比,结果表明文中模型计算棒-棒-板组合间隙放电特性的计算平均误差为7.10%,最大误差为15.58%;棒-球棒-板组合间隙放电特性的计算平均误差为5.83%,最大误差为13.10%。文中模型相较于Rizk模型更准确地计算出了组合间隙的放电特性,验证了文中建立的物理模型的准确性。此外,还开展了泛化试验和对照试验分析了模型泛化能力及影响因素对击穿电压的作用。The combined air gap of live-line work is composed of transmission lines,linemen and towers.The breakdown voltage of the combined gap in live-line work reflects the dielectric strength of the combined gap,which is of great safety significance for linemen.We built a discharge physical model that could describe the discharge development process of the combined air gap and calculate the gap breakdown voltage based on the observation results of the discharge physical processes of the rod-rod-plane combined gap and the rod-sphere+rod-plane combined gap under the positive switching impulse.The established physical model and the Rizk model were used to respectively calculate the discharge characteris-tics of the combined gap obtained in the experiment,it was found that the average error in calculating the discharge characteristics of the rod-rod-plane combined gap was 7.10%while the max error was 15.58%,and the average error of the rod-sphere+rod-plane combined gap was 5.83%while the max error was 13.10%.Compared to the Rizk model,the model proposed in this paper can be adopted to calculate the discharge characteristics of the combined gaps more accu-rately,verifying the accuracy of the physical model.In addition,generalization experiments and control experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of model generalization ability and influencing factors on breakdown voltage.

关 键 词：组合空气间隙 物理模型 正极性操作冲击 放电特性 击穿电压 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术] TM855