环氧复合材料中三维氮化硼网络的构建与增强热特性分析  

Construction of Three-dimensional Boron Nitride Networks in Epoxy Composites and Analysis of Enhanced Thermal Properties

作　　者：黄彦卓 刘大猷 彭相龙 王纯洁 杨航[1] 金海云[1] HUANG Yanzhuo;LIU Dayou;PENG Xianglong;WANG Chunjie;YANG Hang;JIN Haiyun(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第3期1402-1412,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52272073)。

摘　　要：传统的环氧复合材料因传热性能较差,已难以满足电气电子领域的发展需求。在环氧复合材料中搭建三维连续传热网络是大幅提升其导热系数的重要方法。以绝缘性能优良的氮化硼(boron nitride, BN)为原料,采用凝胶法与牺牲模板法相结合的新方案构建三维BN网络,并通过高温去除大部分的辅助材料以保证绝缘网络的纯度,在真空浸渍基体后得到环氧复合材料。测试结果表明,相同填料负载下,该方案制备的3D-BN/EP复合材料的导热系数明显高于传统掺杂方案制备的BN/EP复合材料,且最高导热系数达到了1.50 W/(m·K),相较于纯环氧树脂提升了650%。此外,3D-BN/EP复合材料在广阔的温度范围(0~100℃)和电场强度范围(10^(3)~10^(6)V/m)内均表现出优越的介电性能(相对介电常数ε_(r)<4.4,介质损耗角正切tanδ<0.01),随着填料负载的增加,介电性能逐渐增强,这源于更少的杂质和更少的孔隙缺陷。并且3D-BN/EP复合材料的交流击穿场强也保持在一个较高的水平。还通过comsol有限元仿真证明了连续传热路径的搭建可以有效提升BN/EP复合材料的传热能力。Due to the poor heat transfer performance of traditional epoxy composites,it is difficult to meet the develop-ment needs of electrical and electronic fields.The establishment of a three-dimensional continuous heat transfer network in epoxy composites is an important method for significantly improving its thermal conductivity.In this paper,boron ni-tride(BN)with excellent insulation properties was utilized as a raw material,and a new scheme combining gel method and sacrificial template method was employed to construct a three-dimensional BN network.Most of the auxiliary mate-rials were removed by high temperatures to ensure the purity of the insulation network,and epoxy composites were obtained after vacuum impregnation.The test results demonstrate that,under the same filling load,the thermal conductiv-ity of the 3D-BN/EP composites prepared by this scheme is significantly higher than that of the BN/EP composites prepared by traditional doping scheme,with the highest thermal conductivity reaching 1.50 W/m·K,which is 650%high-er than that of pure epoxy resin.Additionally,the 3D-BN/EP composites exhibit superior dielectric properties(ε_(r)<4.4,tanδ<0.01)over a wide temperature range(0~100℃)and electric field strength range(10^(3)~10^(6) V/m),with dielectric properties gradually increasing with packing load due to fewer impurities and fewer pore defects.The AC breakdown field strength of 3D-BN/EP composites is consistently maintained at a high level.Furthermore,comsol finite element simulation confirms that constructing a continuous heat transfer path can effectively improve the heat transfer capacity of BN/EP composites.

关 键 词：环氧复合材料 氮化硼 导热系数 介电性能 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TM215[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]