基于目标识别及跟踪的海洋接地极电流场下鲟鱼避让行为电流密度阈值研究  

Research on the Avoidance Behavior Threshold of Sturgeons in the Current Field of Marine Grounding Electrodes Based on Target Recognition and Tracking

作　　者：宋天棋 陈嘉豪 蓝磊[1,2] 谭波 童雪芳 鲁海亮 SONG Tianqi;CHEN Jiahao;LAN Lei;TAN Bo;TONG Xuefang;LU Hailiang(School of Electricity and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection,Wuhan 430074,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]电网环境保护全国重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,武汉430074

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第3期1495-1505,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52277158)。

摘　　要：大规模深远海风电开发对实现“双碳”目标至关重要,但极端天气与修复难题制约现有直流系统可靠性,采用海洋接地极的对称双极系统具备成本低、可靠性高等优势,但其对海洋生态尤其是鱼类行为的影响尚不明确。该文以鲟鱼为实验对象,设计了模拟直流非均匀电流场的实验平台,基于背景差分法设计目标识别与跟踪算法,通过双目摄像机将鱼的行为特征转化为可量化的速度指标和轨迹指标,分析鱼类行为与空间电流密度的关系,提出了非均匀电流场下鱼类避让反应的阈值判定方法。实验结果表明,鲟鱼在靠近电极时表现出明显的加速游离行为,尤其是在电流密度达到一定阈值时表现得尤为显著。通过定量分析可知,鲟鱼避让反应的电流密度阈值为0.517 A/m^(2)。The large-scale development of deep-sea wind power is crucial for achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.However,extreme weather conditions and maintenance challenges constrain the reliability of existing DC systems.A symmetrical bipolar system with a marine grounding electrode offers advantages such as lower costs and higher reliability.Nevertheless,its impact on the marine ecosystem,particularly on fish behavior,remains unclear.We used sturgeon as a research object,and designed an experimental platform to simulate a non-uniform DC current field.Moreover,based on the backgroud subtraction method,the target recognition and tracking are designed to analyze fish behavior.Then,the fish behavior characteristics are transformed to the velocity index and trajectory index,and to analyze the relationship between fish behavior and space current density.Finally,a threshold judgment method for fish avoiding in a non-uniform electrical field is put forward.The experimental results show that sturgeon shows an obvious accelerated straying behavior when approaching the electrodes,especially when the current density reaches a certain threshold value.Through quantitative analysis,the current density threshold of sturgeon avoidance response is 0.517 A/m^(2).

关 键 词：深远海风电送出 海洋接地极 鱼类行为 目标识别及跟踪 电流密度 

分 类 号：TM721.1[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]