古徽州齐云山风景与时空环境的关联性研究  

Study on the Relevance between the Mount Qiyun Landscape and the Spatio-temporal Environment in Ancient Huizhou

作　　者：吴会 金荷仙[3] 潘超 WU Hui;JIN Hexian;PAN Chao(Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300;University of British Columbia;College of Landscape Architecture,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学,杭州311300 [2]加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学 [3]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《中国园林》2025年第3期40-46,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：古徽州地区的齐云山作为唐代洞天福地名山体系的继承者、道教名山成熟风景范式的实践者以及徽州文化的构成者和凸显者,其山岳风景受到了时空环境的极大影响。为探究风景与时空环境的关联,在明确齐云山山水地貌的基础上,将齐云山发展至鼎盛的历史划分为3个阶段,从着重关注人类空间认知和社会实践活动的视角出发,通过文献分析和区域调查成果,结合不同阶段的时空背景分析齐云山带有时代烙印、地域特色的风景是如何形成的。结果表明,早先天柱山和黄山等山岳的道教底蕴为齐云山后期的发展奠定了较好的社会、文化基础;受洞天福地名山建设、真武信仰兴盛和道教名山风景范式成熟的影响,以及在官方、徽商、文人名士和普通民众的共同推动下,齐云山逐渐形成了突显皇家道场地位、在地化武当山成熟风景范式的风景格局,与九华山、黄山一同形成了对社会民众持续产生深远影响的“华云进香”朝山进香习俗及“黄白游”旅游风尚,部分风景还基于地方文化认同成为“新安十景”之一、“海阳八景”之一及徽墨画面题材等。总体而言,齐云山风景与时空环境,特别是社会文化环境具有较强的互动关联性。Mount Qiyun in the ancient Huizhou area is one of the four most famous Taoist mountains and one of the three most famous mountains in southern Anhui Province,existing stone carvings,Dengfeng Bridge,Yuxu Palace,etc.are listed as China Cultural Heritage or Provincial Cultural Heritage,and Xiantian Taisu Palace,Dongtian Fudi Shrine,etc.a number of buildings and structures have been rebuilt due to the support of the government and the local people.As the successor of the Taoist famous mountain system of the Tang Dynasty,the practitioner of the mature landscape paradigm of the Taoist famous mountains,and the constitutor and accentuator of Huizhou culture,the mountain landscape of Mount Qiyun in the ancient Huizhou region has been greatly influenced by the spatio-temporal environment.The evolution of a famous mountain reflects how the nature of the mountain is endowed with important social and cultural significance in the process of"interaction"with the surrounding environment,and how it is developed,accumulated,inherited and preserved in the changing times.At present,the historical evolution process of Mount Qiyun,especially the relevance between the mountain landscape and the environment during that process,has not been sorted out in a holistic and comprehensive manner.In order to research the relevance between landscape and spatio-temporal environment,the historical evolution of Mount Qiyun is divided into three phases with a clear foundation of the landscape and geomorphology of the mountain.From the perspective of focusing on human spatial cognition and social practice activities,and by taking into account the spatio-temporal contexts of the different phases,how the landscape of Mount Qiyun,which is marked by the era and regional characteristics,was formed is analyzed through literature analysis and regional survey results.The results show that:The Taoist heritage of Mount Tianzhu and Mount Huang laid a better foundation for the development of Mount Qiyun in the later stages of the social and cultural aspects;Infl

关 键 词：风景园林 徽州齐云山 时空环境 风景关联 社会民众 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]