热力耦合作用的贮箱椭球底结构变厚度优化设计  

Design Optimization of Variable Thickness for Ellipsoidal Bottom Structure of Tank under Thermo-mechanical Load

作　　者：高佳伟 李鑫 滕浩龙 牛斌[1] GAO Jiawei;LI Xin;TENG Haolong;NIU Bin(State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing,School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Systems Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学高性能精密制造全国重点实验室/机械工程学院,大连116024 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《宇航学报》2025年第2期346-353,共8页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52375232)。

摘　　要：针对受热力耦合作用的大型薄壁椭球底结构的轻量化设计问题,提出了基于厚度曲面映射的变厚度设计方法。通过选取合适位置和数量的控制点构建厚度曲面,并通过厚度曲面获得结构各位置厚度,结合参数优化的方法寻找最优的厚度曲面,实现厚度连续光滑变化的变厚度设计。针对承载、减重的需求,采用控制点的厚度元素作为设计变量,引入结构的最大Mises应力和应力均匀程度作为约束,建立以最小结构质量为目标的优化列式,实现了热力耦合作用下结构的厚度优化设计。最后,通过数值算例验证该方法的有效性,并与传统等厚度优化方法进行对比分析。结果表明:采用变厚度设计的椭球底结构质量减轻了53.6%,减重效果较等厚度设计提升了22.7%。A variable thickness design method,based on thickness surface mapping,is proposed to tackle the lightweight design challenge of large thin-walled ellipsoidal bottom structures under thermo-mechanical coupled conditions.This method involves the construction of a thickness surface by strategically selecting the positions and number of control points,which then determine the thicknesses at various structural locations.The optimal thickness surface is identified through the application of a parameter optimization technique,ensuring a continuous and smooth variation in thickness.To satisfy the requirements of bearing capacity while minimizing weight,the thickness values of the control points are designated as design variables.Constraints are introduced in terms of the maximum Mises stress and stress uniformity.An optimization model is established,aiming to minimize structural mass and achieve optimal thickness design under the influence of thermal-mechanical coupling.Lastly,a numerical example is provided to validate the method’s effectiveness,with a comparison to the traditional equal thickness optimization approach.The results demonstrate that the ellipsoidal bottom structure designed with variable thickness achieves a 53.6%weight reduction,outperforming the equal thickness design by 22.7%in terms of weight reduction effectiveness.

关 键 词：椭球底 变厚度 热力耦合 厚度映射 优化设计 

分 类 号：V47[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]