巢湖缓冲带原位乐果降解菌的筛选和降解特性研究  

Screening and Degradation Characteristics of In-Situ Dimethoate-Degrading Bacteria in the Chaohu Buffer Zone

作　　者：马昆 谷鹏飞 谈凯 王李耘 刘元丰 赵凯 宋婧 Ma Kun;Gu Pengfei;Tan Kai;Wang Liyun;Liu Yuanfeng;Zhao Kai;Song Jing(College of Life Sciences,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学生命科学学院,安徽安庆246133

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第4期90-94,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(编号:2022AH051036,2022AH052546);安徽省高校自然科学研究优创团队项目(编号:2023AH010041);水生生物保护与生态修复安徽省高等学校工程技术研究中心开放基金(编号:Sq2019003,ASSK017)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在筛选和鉴定巢湖缓冲带中具有高效乐果降解能力的本土微生物,并研究其降解特性,为巢湖地区乐果污染的原位生物修复提供理论依据和实践参考。从巢湖缓冲带高污染区采集沉积物样品,通过富集培养法筛选乐果降解菌;采用气质联用法(GCMS)验证其降解能力;基于16S rRNA基因序列进行分类鉴定;并探究温度、pH值和接种量等因素对菌株降解效率的影响。结果表明:筛选获得一株可降解乐果的菌株,鉴定确定该菌为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)。经GCMS证实,在含乐果100 mg/L的无机盐培养基中,摇瓶培养10 h,降解效率为87.39%,半衰期为3.49 h。进一步研究表明,该菌株的最佳降解条件为温度35℃、pH值为7、接种量为4%。本研究成功筛选并鉴定了一株具有高效乐果降解能力的本土菌株,为巢湖缓冲带区域乐果污染的生物修复提供了有效手段,具有重要的生态意义和应用潜力。This study aims to screen and identify indigenous microorganisms with high dimethoate-degrading capabilities from the Chaohu buffer zone and to investigate their degradation characteristics.The findings are expected to provide theoretical support and practical reference for the in-situ bioremediation of dimethoate pollution in the Chaohu region.Sediment samples were collected from high-pollution areas in the Chaohu buffer zone.Enrichment culture techniques were employed to screen for dimethoate-degrading bacteria.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to validate their degradation abilities.The bacteria were taxonomically identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequences.Additionally,the effects of temperature,pH,and inoculum concentration on the degradation efficiency were systematically studied.A dimethoate-degrading strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus.GC-MS analysis confirmed that,in a degradation medium containing 100 mg/L dimethoate,the strain achieved a degradation efficiency of 87.39%after 10 hours of shaking incubation at 37℃,with a half-life of 3.49 hours.Further studies revealed that the optimal degradation conditions for the strain were a temperature of 35℃,pH 7,and an inoculum concentration of 4%.This study successfully screened and identified an indigenous bacterial strain with high dimethoate-degrading potential.The strain provides an effective means for the bioremediation of dimethoate pollution in the Chaohu buffer zone,demonstrating significant ecological importance and application potential.

关 键 词：乐果 降解菌 蜡样芽孢杆菌 基因功能注释 

分 类 号：X79[环境科学与工程—环境工程]