煤矿矿井水零排放系统工程实践与优化分析  

Engineering Practice and Optimization Analysis of the Zero-Discharge Treatment System of Coal Mine Wastewater

作　　者：李敏恒 王仁雷 汪庆喜 封云 艾周磐 曹荣 Li Minheng;Wang Renlei;Wang Qingxi;Fen Yun;Ai Zhoupan;Cao Rong(Shanxi Huadian Yuheng Coal Electricity Co.,Ltd,Yulin 719000,Shanxi,China;Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Hangzhou 310030,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西华电榆横煤电有限责任公司,陕西榆林719000 [2]华电电力科学研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310030

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第4期108-111,122,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：中国华电集团有限公司科技项目(编号:CHDKJ23-02-199)。

摘　　要：西北地区某大型煤矿处理规模为1900 m^(3)/h的矿井水零排放系统采用混凝澄清+化学除硬软化+RO脱盐+NF分盐+DTRO浓缩+MVR蒸发结晶工艺,产品水达到工农业回用水标准,所产结晶盐硫酸钠纯度在98.5%以上。介绍了矿井水零排放系统的工艺设计及实际运行效果。工程实践表明:该工艺系统主要指标满足设计要求,可实现矿井水零排放目标。对目前系统运行存在的例如化学软化环节药剂耗量高、高密池污泥未资源化利用、超滤装置膜污堵、纳滤装置回收率未达设计值、DTRO浓水循环能耗高、管式膜除硬效果欠佳等问题进行了分析探讨,并提出下一步优化措施。Flocculation+Chemical soften+RO desalination+NF salt separation+DTRO concentration+MVR evaporation crystallization process was adopted in the zero-discharge treatment system of mine wastewater of a large coal mine in Northwest China.Designed treatment water quantity was 1900 m^(3)/h.The product water met the reuse standard,and the purity of the sodium sulfate crystalline salt produced was more than 98.5%.The process design and actual operation effect of mine wastewater zero-discharge system were introduced.The engineering practice showed that the main indexes of the process system meet the design requirements and could achieve the zero-discharge target of mine wastewater.An analysis was conducted on current operational challenges in the system,such as high reagent consumption in the chemical softening stage,non-recycling of high-density sludge from settling tanks,membrane fouling in ultrafiltration units,suboptimal recovery rates in nanofiltration systems below design specifications,elevated energy consumption in DTRO concentrate recirculation,and inadequate hardness removal efficiency in tubular membrane processes.Corresponding optimization measures were proposed for further system refinement.

关 键 词：矿井水 零排放 化学软化 膜浓缩 MVR 蒸发结晶 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]