洪湖水体营养盐参数时空分布及其与浊度的相关性分析  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Nutrient Parameters and Correlation With Turbidity in Honghu Lake

作　　者：陈龙 盛田 胡璟 王婉玉 Chen Long;Sheng Tian;Hu Jing;Wang Wanyu(Central-Southern Safety&Environment Technology Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430061,Hubei,China;Hubei Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Wuhan 430060,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中南安全环境技术研究院股份有限公司,湖北武汉430061 [2]湖北省生态环境监测中心站,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第4期143-147,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：以洪湖为研究对象,利用2023年洪湖水质国控监测点位的自动监测和手工监测数据,分析水体中营养盐参数的时空分布特征及其与浊度的相关性。结果表明:从时间上看,4个国控监测点位氨氮的平均浓度总体呈现1-8月份下降,9-12月份上升的趋势;总磷和高锰酸盐指数的平均浓度全年呈现波动状态。从空间分布看,湖心A和湖心B站点各污染物平均浓度均高于下游排水闸和杨柴湖。湖心A、湖心B、排水闸站点的浊度与总磷、总氮呈极显著正相关;杨柴湖站点的浊度与总磷呈极显著正相关,与总氮呈显著正相关。浊度变化与氨氮相关性并不明显。最后针对性地提出洪湖水环境治理的对策建议,如设置防波堤、对底泥清淤、种植水生植物以提高湖泊的防风浪能力;规范湖泊水产养殖行为,推广生态养殖,减少内源污染物释放;强化入湖排污口监督管理,减少上游污染物入湖,通过采取上述措施,可有效降低洪湖水体浊度,进而改善洪湖水环境质量。Taking Honghu Lake as the research object,the automatic and manual monitoring data from the state-controlled monitoring sites of water quality in Honghu Lake in 2023 were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of nutrient salt parameters in the water and their correlation with turbidity.The results showed that:temporally,the average concentration of ammonia nitrogen at the four state-controlled monitoring sites generally showed a decreasing trend from January to August and an increasing trend from September to December;the average concentrations of total phosphorus and permanganate index showed fluctuations throughout the year.From the spatial distribution,the average concentration of each pollutant at Lake Center A and Lake Center B sites is higher than Drainage Gate and Yangchai Lake at the downstream.Turbidity at the sites of Lake Center A,Lake Center B and Drainage Gate showed highly significant positive correlation with total phosphorus and total nitrogen;turbidity at the site of Yangchai Lake showed highly significant positive correlation with total phosphorus and significant positive correlation with total nitrogen.The correlation between turbidity and ammonia nitrogen was not obvious.Finally,the countermeasures for the management of water environment of Honghu Lake are proposed,such as setting up breakwaters,desilting the bottom mud,planting aquatic plants to improve the wind and wave prevention ability of the lake;standardizing the aquaculture behavior of the lake,promoting ecological farming,and reducing the release of endogenous pollutants;strengthening the supervision and management of the lake outfalls,and reducing the upstream pollutants into the lake.Through the adoption of the above measures,the turbidity of the water of Honghu Lake can be effectively reduced,which will improve the quality of water environment of Honghu Lake.

关 键 词：洪湖 营养盐 浊度 相关性 治理 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]