面向空间激光通信快速稳定建链研究  

Research on Fast and Stable Links Establishment for Space Laser Communication

作　　者：胡成才 HU Chengcai(Laser Link Aerospace Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]蓝星光域(上海)航天科技有限公司,上海200433

出　　处：《航天技术与工程学报》2025年第2期40-50,共11页

摘　　要：针对空间激光通信初始建链时间长、链路稳定性差等问题,提出了一种基于可变发散角双端互动捕获方法,并结合CMOS相机与4QD改进型卡尔曼滤波器的复合跟踪技术的解决方案。在捕获阶段,通过调焦机构将发散角调大,解决无信标激光通信终端因信号光发散角太小捕获时间长、捕获概率低的问题;在跟踪阶段,通过调焦机构将发散角调小,使得通信链路裕量足够,通过CMOS相机和4QD融合算法解决CMOS相机帧频低、4QD视场小、精度低的问题,实现了全频段的扰动抑制。研究结果表明,建链时间与发散角平方成反比关系,双端互动捕获初始建链时间减少47.4%,跟瞄精度提升30%。该方案可显著提升空间激光通信系统的可用性与可靠性。In order to solve the problems of long initial link building time and poor link stability of space laser communication,a solution combining variable divergence angle double-ended interactive capture,CMOS camera and 4QD improved Kalmanfilter for composite tracking is provided.In the capture stage,the divergence angle is increased by the focusing mechanism to solve the problem of long capture time and low capture probability of the beaconless laser communication terminal due to the small divergence angle of the signal light.In the tracking stage,the divergence angle is reduced by the focusing mechanism to make the communication link margin sufficient,and the problems of low frame rate of CMOS cameras,smallfield of view of 4QD,and low precision.The results show that the link establishment time is inversely proportional to the square of the divergence angle,and by this method,the initial link establishment time is reduced by 47.4%with double-ended interactive acquisition,and the tracking accuracy is improved by 30%.CMOS cameras and 4QD composite tracking solutions significantly enhances the availability of space laser communications.This solution significantly enhances the availability and reliability of space laser communication systems.

关 键 词：空间激光通信 可变发散角 改进型卡尔曼滤波器 复合跟踪算法 捕获 跟瞄 

分 类 号：TN929.13[电子电信—通信与信息系统]