人工智能对女性非农就业的影响——基于中国家庭追踪调查的经验分析  

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Female Non-Agricultural Employment:An Empirical Analysis Based on the China Family Panel Studies

作　　者：赵桂婷 张铭涵 ZHAO Guiting;ZHANG Minghan(School of Economics,Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]兰州财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《金融经济》2025年第1期90-100,共11页Finance Economy

摘　　要：近年来,人工智能已成为推动经济蓬勃发展的强劲驱动力,以一种前所未有的深度和广度重塑着劳动力市场的整体格局。人工智能技术对劳动力市场的影响已被广泛研究,但其对女性就业领域所产生的特定效应尚未得到充分探讨。本文基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2020年数据,使用Probit模型估计人工智能对女性非农就业的影响。研究表明,人工智能对女性非农就业具有促进作用。这一促进作用存在明显异质性,对两个及以下子女数、处于18岁至40岁、中低技能水平的女性群体而言,人工智能的促进作用更为显著。公共预算支出和人口老龄化在人工智能对女性非农就业的影响过程中呈现出显著的调节效应,公共预算支出能够强化人工智能的积极作用,而人口老龄化则产生了负向的调节效应。In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has emerged as a powerful driving force behind vigorous economic growth,reshaping the overall landscape of the labor market with unprecedented depth and breadth.While the impact of AI technology on the labor market has been extensively studied,its specific effects on female employment have not yet been fully explored.This paper utilizes data from the 2020 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and employs a Probit model to estimate the impact of AI on female non-agricultural employment.The study reveals that:AI promotes female non-agricultural employment.This promoting effect exhibits significant heterogeneity,being more pronounced among women with two or fewer children,aged between 18 and 40,and with medium to low skill levels.Public budget expenditure and population aging play significant moderating roles in the impact of AI on female non-agricultural employment.Specifically,public budget expenditure enhances the positive effects of AI,whereas population aging exerts a negative moderating effect.

关 键 词：人工智能 经济驱动力 技术进步 女性非农就业 人口老龄化 地方财政支出 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济] TP18[经济管理—国民经济]