不同品种苹果授粉对‘富士’苹果果实品质的影响  

Impact of Different Pollination Varieties on the Quality of'Fuji'Apple Fruit

作　　者：包林忠 董建华 王江波[2,3] Bao Linzhong;Dong Jianhua;Wang Jiangbo(44 Regiment Agricultural and Forestry Grassland Center,Tumushuke 844000,Xinjiang,China;College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High-Efficiency and High-Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]四十四团农业和林业草原中心,新疆图木舒克844000 [2]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第5期78-82,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：兵团指导性科技计划论文(编号:2023ZD121);塔里木大学校长基金项目(编号:TDZKZX202304)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同授粉品种对‘富士’苹果果实品质的影响,筛选最佳的授粉品种。本试验以20年生‘富士’苹果作为试验材料,采用‘白海棠’‘紫红沙果’‘秦脆’‘五棱海棠’4个苹果品种的花粉对其进行授粉,以果园配置的授粉树‘嘎啦’授粉作为对照,果实成熟后测定不同授粉组合果实品质指标。结果表明,不同授粉品种均能对‘富士’苹果果实品质有一定的影响。‘秦脆’和‘白海棠’授粉在提高‘富士’苹果单果重和硬度方面表现良好;‘紫红沙果’授粉在改善色泽方面表现良好;‘五棱海棠’授粉能显著提高‘富士’苹果可溶性糖和总酚含量;4个授粉品种授粉后的‘富士’苹果综合品质表现优于对照。果实品质指标间的相关性分析显示,部分果实品质指标之间存在极显著或显著相关。通过对不同授粉组合‘富士’苹果果实品质的综合评价得出,授粉品种对果实品质改良效果比较为:‘白海棠’>‘紫红沙果’>‘秦脆’>‘五棱海棠’>对照。‘白海棠’作为授粉品种在授粉后果实品质综合评价中最为突出,推荐为‘富士’苹果的首选授粉品种。In order to explore the effects of different pollination varieties on the fruit quality of'Fuji'apple and screen the best pollination varieties,in this experiment,20-year-old'Fuji'apple was used as the test material,and the pollen of four apple varieties'Baihaitang','Zihongshaguo','Qincui'and'Wulenghaitang'was used to pollinate them.The pollination tree'Gala'in the orchard was used as the control.After the fruit matured,the fruit quality indexes of different pollination combinations were determined.The results showed that different pollination varieties had a certain effect on the fruit quality of'Fuji'apple.The pollination of'Qincui'and'Baihaitang'performed well in improving the single fruit weight and hardness of'Fuji'apple.Pollination of'Zihongshaguo'performed well in improving color;pollination of'Wulenghaitang'could significantly increase the soluble sugar and total phenol content of'Fuji'apple.The comprehensive quality of'Fuji'apple after pollination of four pollination varieties was better than that of the control.The correlation analysis between fruit quality indexes showed that there were extremely significant or significant correlations between some fruit quality indexes.Through the comprehensive evaluation of the fruit quality of different pollination combinations'Fuji'apple,the effect of pollination varieties on fruit quality improvement was ranked as follows:'Baihaitang'>'Zihongshaguo'>'Qincui'>'Wulenghaitang'>control.As a pollinating variety,'Baihaitang'is the most prominent in the comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality after pollination,and is recommended as the preferred pollinating variety of'Fuji'apple.

关 键 词：苹果 授粉品种 果实品质 影响 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]