天津市防洪“四预”业务平台建设实践与思考  

Practice and consideration on the construction of FEDE platforms for flood control in Tianjin City

作　　者：刘战友 兰瑞田 李匡[2,3] 马春梅 赵连国 阮鸿燕 刘业森 张旭辉[5] LIU Zhanyou;LAN Ruitian;LI Kuang;MA Chunmei;ZHAO Lianguo;RUAN Hongyan;LIU Yesen;ZHANG Xuhui(Tianjin Water Engineering Operation and Dispatching Center,Tianjin 300074;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources(Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Center),Beijing 100038;Siwei Shijing Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100043;China Communications Construction Group Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100079)

机构地区：[1]天津市水务工程运行调度中心,天津300074 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心(水旱灾害防御中心),北京100038 [4]四维世景科技(北京)有限公司,北京100043 [5]中国通信建设集团设计院有限公司,北京100079

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2025年第4期36-41,共6页China Flood & Drought Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023WFC203200);中国水利水电科学研究院十四五“五大人才”计划项目(WHO1458032021);天津市防洪调度应急指挥平台建设项目(JZ120205A0042024)。

摘　　要：针对海河“23·7”流域性特大洪水暴露出的相关问题,围绕天津市防洪调度工作的实际需求,遵循“需求牵引、应用至上、数字赋能、提升能力”的方针,以数字化场景、智慧化模拟、精准化决策为路径,开展融合山洪灾害“四预”(预报、预警、预演、预案)、城市防洪排涝、流域防洪调度三大业务的天津市防洪“四预”业务平台建设,强化“四预”措施,贯通“四情”(雨情、水情、险情、灾情)防御,打造“四链”(降雨—产流—汇流—演进、流域—干流—支流—断面、总量—洪峰—过程—调度、技术—物料—队伍—组织)流程,构建纵向到底、横向到边的防洪矩阵,实现立体监测、精准预报、智能预警、动态预演、有效预案,形成“上防洪水、中防沥涝、下防海潮、北防山洪”的全方位、立体化的防汛体系,全面提升流域防洪调度水平,为筑牢洪水灾害防御安全屏障奠定坚实基础。In response to the problems exposed by the"23·7"basinwide extreme flood in the Haihe River,and centering on the actual needs of flood control and dispatching work in Tianjin City,following the principle of"demand driven,application oriented,digital empowerment,and capacity building",and taking the path of digital scenarios,intelligent simulation,and precise decision-making,the construction of the Flood FEDE(forecasting,early warning,drill,and emergency plan)Operation Platform in Tianjin City,which integrates three major businesses of mountain flood disaster FEDE,urban flood control and drainage,and basinwide flood control and dispatching,is carried out.Strengthen the FEDE measures,connect the"Four Situation"defenses(rain,water,danger and disaster situation),create the"Four Chain"processes(rainfall-runoff generation-runoff concentrationflood routing,basinwide-main stream-tributary-section,total volume-peak flood-process-dispatching,technology-materialsteams-organization),build a flood control matrix that reaches vertically to the bottom and horizontally to the edges,achieve threedimensional monitoring,accurate prediction,intelligent warning,dynamic drilling,and effective emergency plans,and form an allround and three-dimensional flood control system of"preventing upstream floods,draining mid-stream waterlogging,lowering downstream storm surges,and defending northern mountain floods".Comprehensively improve the level of basinwide flood control and dispatching,and lay a solid foundation for building a secure barrier against flood disasters.

关 键 词：流域防洪 城市内涝 山洪灾害 联合调度 天津市 

分 类 号：TU998.4[建筑科学—市政工程] TV877[水利工程—水利水电工程]