氟足迹的评估方法、管控法规及治理策略  

Assessment methods,regulatory frameworks,and governance strategies for fluorine footprint

作　　者：吴范宏 叶璟 李丹 吴晶晶 徐士博 吴梅 杨烨 王树华 胡锡云 杨评 WU Fanhong;YE Jing;LI Dan;WU Jingjing;XU Shibo;WU Mei;YANG Ye;WANG Shuhua;HU Xiyun;YANG Ping(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Fluoropharmaceutical Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;SGS-CSTC Standards Technical Services Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200233,China;China Association of Fluorine&Silicone Indudtry(CAFSI),Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院,上海201418 [2]上海绿色氟代制药工程技术研究中心,上海201418 [3]通标标准技术服务有限公司,上海200233 [4]中国氟硅有机材料工业协会,北京100029

出　　处：《应用技术学报》2025年第1期15-25,共11页Journal of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21472126,21672151)资助。

摘　　要：氟化学作为关键战略领域,在工业制造和环境保护中具有重要的应用价值。氟足迹是衡量氟物质排放对环境影响的重要指标,涉及氟化工、生物医药、农药和材料等产业。近年来,以全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)为代表的新型污染物所引发的生态风险和人类健康问题引发全球关注,欧盟、美国和中国等主要经济体相继出台严格管控措施,推动其去除技术的开发并研发其替代品。综述了氟化学的发展历程及技术范式的演变,以PFAS作为氟足迹研究的代表性化合物,分析了PFAS在环境介质中的迁移转化机制与生态风险,阐述了PFAS的危害并归纳总结了国际上相关管控政策与标准体系,并对其替代和消除技术进行了展望。Fluorochemistry,as a critical strategic field,holds significant application value in industrial manufacturing and environmental protection.The fluorine footprint serves as an important indicator for assessing the environmental impact of fluorine emissions,encompassing industries such as fluorine chemical production,biomedicine,pesticides,and materials.In recent years,the ecological risks and human health concerns posed by emerging pollutants,particularly per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),have attracted global attention.Major economies,including the European Union,the United States,and China,have implemented stringent regulatory measures to drive the development of PFAS removal technologies and the exploration of alternatives.This review traces the historical development of fluorochemistry and the evolution of its technological paradigms,with PFAS as a focal point for fluorine footprint research.It examines the migration and transformation mechanisms of PFAS in environmental media,evaluates their ecological risks,and discusses their associated hazards.Additionally,the review synthesizes international regulatory policies and standard systems related to PFAS and provides an outlook on emerging technologies for their replacement and elimination.

关 键 词：氟足迹 全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS) 消除技术 氟化学 环境影响 

分 类 号：O621[理学—有机化学]