放牧强度对亚高山草甸两种优势草本植物生物量分配策略的影响  

The Impact of Grazing Intensity on the Biomass Allocation Strategy of Two Dominant Herbaceous Plants in Subalpine Meadows

作　　者：魏兆喆 李春兰 陈扬 张彩彩 黄志旁 WEI Zhaozhe;LI Chunlan;CHEN Yang;ZHANG Caicai;HUANG Zhipang(Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research,Dali University,Dali Yunnan 671003;Yunnan Yunlong Tianchi National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau,Dali Yunnan 671003;Yunling Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkey Observation and Research Station,Dali Yunnan 671003;The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region from Dali University,Dali Yunnan 671003)

机构地区：[1]大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院,云南大理671003 [2]云南云龙天池国家级自然保护区管护局,云南大理672700 [3]云岭滇金丝猴云南省野外科学观察研究站,云南大理671003 [4]大理大学三江并流区域生物多样性保护与利用云南省创新团队,云南大理671003

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2025年第1期27-32,共6页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160268);云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划项目(202105AM070008)。

摘　　要：亚高山草甸通常在亚高山寒温性针叶林(如云杉、冷杉林)遭到破坏并经历长期放牧利用后形成。亚高山草甸优势植物通过调整地上和地下生物量分配策略来响应和适应长期的放牧干扰。本研究以云南云龙天池国家自然保护区内两种优势植物翻白委陵菜(Potentilla discolor)和野草莓(Fragaria vesca)为研究对象,分析不同放牧强度下这两种植物功能性状的差异以及地上和地下生物量分配性状的关系。结果表明:(1)与轻度和重度放牧相比,翻白委陵菜在中度放牧强度下具有更小的叶面积和比根面积,地下干物质含量则更高。野草莓则在中度放牧干扰下具有相对较大的叶面积和根面积,其比叶面积和综合性状PCA2随放牧强度的增加而升高,而地下干物质含量则呈下降趋势。这些发现表明叶面积和地下干物质含量是草本植物响应放牧干扰的关键功能性状。(2)翻白委陵菜和野草莓的地上与地下生物量呈显著线性相关,且在中度放牧强度下相关性最为显著,说明在中等放牧干扰下,地上与地下生物量的分配关系存在强烈的权衡,即植物增加对地上资源的投资往往以牺牲地下资源的投资为代价。Subalpine meadows typically form after subalpine cold-temperate coniferous forests(e.g.,spruce and fir forests)are disrupted and subsequent prolonged grazing.The dominant plants of subalpine meadows adjust their aboveground and belowground biomass allocation strategies to respond to and adapt to long-term grazing disturbances.This study focuses on two dominant herbaceous species(Potentilla discolor and Fragaria vesca)within the Yunlong Tianchi National Nature Reserve in Yunnan,analyzing the differences in their functional traits under varying grazing intensities and the relationship between aboveground and belowground biomass allocation traits.The results show:(1)Compared to light and heavy grazing,Potentilla discolor exhibited smaller leaf area and specific root area under moderate grazing intensity,has along with a higher content of belowground dry matter.Fragaria vesca showed relatively larger leaf area and root area under moderate grazing disturbance,with its specific leaf area and comprehensive trait PCA2 increasing with grazing intensity,while belowground dry matter content showed a decreasing trend.These findings indicate that leaf area and belowground dry matter content are key functional traits for herbaceous plants to respond to grazing disturbances.(2)There is a significant linear correlation was observed between the aboveground and belowground biomass of Potentilla discolor and Fragaria vesca,with the strongest correlation occurring under moderate grazing intensity.This suggests,a strong trade-off in the allocation relationship between aboveground and belowground biomass under moderate grazing disturbance,where plants tend to increase investment in aboveground resources at the expense of belowground investment.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 优势种 功能性状 放牧干扰 权衡策略 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]