构网型变流器:控制与稳定特性  

Grid-forming Converters:Control and Behavior of Stability

作　　者：迟永宁 江炳蔚 范译文 胡家兵[2] 林伟芳 刘宏志 马士聪 姚骏[3] CHI Yongning;JIANG Bingwei;FAN Yiwen;HU Jiabing;LIN Weifang;LIU Hongzhi;MA Shicong;YAO Jun(China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology(Chongqing University),Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192 [2]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430074 [3]输变电装备技术全国重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆400044

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第4期1527-1542,I0001-I0003,共19页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会–国家电网公司智能电网联合基金(U23B20120)。

摘　　要：随着新能源渗透率的不断提升,电网强度减弱,惯量阻尼水平低,系统抗扰动能力弱,使得具有惯量阻尼支撑能力的构网型变流器优势凸显,成为最具应用前景的一类并网变流器。变流器作为新能源与电网之间的并网接口,将电能安全稳定高效输送至电网,其控制稳定性很大程度上决定了新能源并网系统的稳定性。为此,从构网型变流器扰动模型的构建策略及扰动分析方法出发,分析控制环节与动态特性间的联系,在惯量动态、故障电流、宽频振荡3个方面揭示了构网型变流器的动态与稳定特性,进而在大电网条件下明确了构网型变流器稳定控制的关键问题,展望了构网型变流器稳定控制的后续研究方向,为构网型变流器的进一步研究与应用提供参考。Power system shows new characteristics such as weak grid strength,low inertia and damping level,and weak anti-disturbance ability due to the increasing proportion of renewable energy.Grid-forming converters which offers inertia and damping supports to renewable energy power system become prominent,making them the most promising type of converters.Converters play an important role in transmitting electricity to the grid safely,stably,and efficiently as the interface between renewable energy and the power system.The stability of converters greatly affects power system with high proportion of renewable energy.In this article,we first focus on the modeling strategy and disturbance analysis method of grid-forming converters and summarize the stability control strategies of grid-forming converters.Then,on the basis of the relations between controller and stability,we reveal the dynamic and transient characteristics of grid-forming converters in three aspects:inertia dynamics,fault current,and broadband oscillation.Furthermore,we clarify the key issues of stable control for grid-forming converters under large-scale power grid,put forward to the future research directions of stability for grid-forming converters,and provide a reference for further research and application of grid-forming converters.

关 键 词：新能源并网 构网型变流器 控制环节 稳定机制 动态特性 物理本质 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]