GIS内微纳粉尘沿绝缘子界面吸附的时空动力学特性与团聚爆炸现象  

Spatial-temporal Dynamic Characteristics and Agglomeration Explosion Phenomenon of Micron-nano Dust Adsorption Along the Insulator Interface in GIS

作　　者：薛乃凡 李庆民 王媛 杨睿成 杨宁 张斐琛 XUE Naifan;LI Qingmin;WANG Yuan;YANG Ruicheng;YANG Ning;ZHANG Feichen(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of HV and EMC,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统全国重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京102206 [2]北京市高电压与电磁兼容重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京102206

出　　处：《高电压技术》2025年第4期2002-2012,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52127812;51929701);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2023JC005)。

摘　　要：气体绝缘开关设备(gas insulated switchgear,GIS)是构建新能源电力系统不可或缺的物理支撑。近十年超/特高压放电故障统计分析表明,金属微粒与粉尘放电占比超过60%,现有特高频、超声传感等技术手段针对亚毫米及以上大尺寸微粒可以实现较好的在线监测,而随机性高、隐蔽性强且必然存在的微纳粉尘由于无法被现有技术有效表征,极有可能是隐藏在背后的“安全杀手”。为此针对微纳粉尘检测难、机制复杂这一难题,搭建了适于观察且契合GIS运行实际的微纳粉尘吸附实验平台,发现微纳粉尘在电场中的吸附状态主要包括沿绝缘子界面的团聚式吸附与沿地电极方向的扩散式吸附,影响运动行为的关键因素包括微纳粉尘的初始位置、质量、材质以及外施电压;进一步厘清了吸附过程中的特殊物理现象,团聚式吸附会在环氧树脂绝缘子表面吸附形成微纳粉尘斑随着电压升高,微纳粉尘斑会“爆炸”形成环状粉尘晕、粉尘晕轮廓加深等不同于起举吸附的特殊物理现象,这类特殊物理现象被认为是诱导沿面闪络的必要条件。粉尘斑构成的局部短路区域与剧烈电场畸变被认为是微纳粉尘诱导沿面闪络的重要先导因素,最多可降低实验系统击穿电压达71%。该研究针对微纳粉尘吸附动力学特性的研究可为提升交直流输电管道绝缘安全运行水平提供理论基础和技术支撑。Gas insulated switchgear(GIS)is an indispensable physical support for the construction of new energy power system.Statistical analyses on ultra/ultra-high voltage discharge faults in ten years show that the discharge of metal particles and dusts accounts for more than 60%,the existing ultra-high frequency,ultrasonic sensing and other technical means can be used to achieve better online monitoring for large-size particles with sub-millimeter and above;however,micron-nano dusts are unable to be effectively characterized by the existing technology due to high randomness and,hidden and inevitable existence,thus it is very likely to be hidden in the back of the“safety killer”.Therefore,in accordance with the difficulty in detecting micron-nano dust and the complexity of the mechanism,a micron-nano dust adsorption experimental platform suitable for observation and suitable for the actual operation of GIS is constructed,and it is found that the adsorption state of micron-nano dust in the electric field mainly consists of agglomerative adsorption along the insulator interface and diffusive adsorption along the direction of the ground electrode,and the key factors influencing the behavior of the movement include the initial position of the micron-nano dust,the quality,the material,and the applied voltage;it is further clarified that micron-nano dust may be the hidden safety killer behind.The special physical phenomena in the adsorption process are further clarified.Agglomerative adsorption will occur on the surface of the epoxy resin insulator to form a micron-nano dust speckle,meanwhile,with the increase of voltage,the micro-nano dust speckle will“explode”to form an annular dust halo,and the contour of the halo will be deepened,etc.,which is different from that of the starting adsorption,and such special physical phenomena are considered to induce the flashover along the face of the insulator.This kind of special physical phenomenon is a necessary condition for inducing flashover along the surface.Finally,the phy

关 键 词：气体绝缘开关设备 微纳粉尘 吸附动力学行为 沿面闪络 团聚爆炸 

分 类 号：TM595[电气工程—电器]