脐尿管未闭的产前超声特征  

Prenatal Sonographic Features of Patent Urachal

作　　者：王彦 董虹美[1] 张晓航[1] 冉茜 WANG Yan;DONG Hongmei;ZHANG Xiaohang;RAN Qian(Department of Ultrasound,Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children(Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市妇幼保健院(重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院)超声科,重庆401147

出　　处：《中国医学影像学杂志》2025年第3期310-314,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging

基　　金：重庆市卫生适宜技术推广项目(2021jstg041)。

摘　　要：目的探讨胎儿脐尿管未闭的产前超声特征及预后。资料与方法回顾性分析2018年9月—2023年3月重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院6例脐尿管未闭的产前超声特征,并随访其孕期及出生后情况。结果6例胎儿孕早中期产前超声均提示脐尿管未闭,2例诊断为膀胱憩室,超声表现为膀胱形态失常,膀胱顶部呈鸟嘴样改变,经一异常管道与腹壁脐带入口处相连;4例诊断为脐尿管瘘伴尿囊囊肿,超声表现为脐带根部囊肿,囊肿经一异常管道与膀胱相通,大小随膀胱充盈及排空改变,彩色多普勒示囊肿周边见脐动脉包绕。6例胎儿染色体检查均无异常,其中2例单纯脐尿管瘘伴尿囊囊肿胎儿出生,预后好;4例因合并其他畸形引产。6例胎儿中1例为女性,5例为男性。结论脐尿管未闭产前超声具有典型特征,且与染色体异常相关性较低,临床上以男性多见,在不合并其他结构异常的情况下预后良好。Purpose To investigate the prenatal ultrasound features and prognosis of fetal patent urachal.Materials and Methods The prenatal ultrasound characteristics of six cases with patent urachal diagnosed in Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2018 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,their pregnancy and postnatal conditions were followed up.Results In the first and second trimester of pregnancy,the prenatal ultrasonography of six fetuses showed that the epurachus was occluded.Among them,two cases were diagnosed as bladder diverticulum.The ultrasonography showed that the bladder was malformed,the top of the bladder was changed like a beak,and was connected to the umbilical cord entrance of the abdominal wall through an abnormal tube.Four cases were diagnosed as urachal fistula with allantoic cyst.Ultrasound showed that the cyst was at the root of the umbilical cord,and the cyst communicated with the bladder through an abnormal duct.The size of the cyst changed with the filling and emptying of the bladder.Color Doppler showed that the cysts were surrounded by the umbilical artery.None of the six fetuses were abnormal by chromosome examination.Among them,two fetuses with simple urachal fistula and allantoic cyst were born with good prognosis,and the remaining four fetuses were induced by other malformations.One of the six fetuses was female,and five fetuses were male.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound of patent urachus has typical features and low correlation with chromosomal abnormalities.It is more common in males clinically and has a good prognosis without other structural abnormalities.

关 键 词：脐尿管未闭 膀胱憩室 脐尿管瘘 超声检查 产前 预后 

分 类 号：R695[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R694[医药卫生—外科学] R321.4[医药卫生—临床医学] R445.1