云南及周边地区土壤水分时空演变及其与环境因子的相关性  

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Soil Moisture in Yunnan and Surrounding Areas and Its Correlation with Environmental Factors

作　　者：赵平伟 王佳妮 张云秋 赵建平 尤文龙 李四兰 ZHAO Pingwei;WANG Jiani;ZHANG Yunqiu;ZHAO Jianping;YOU Wenlong;LI Silan(Lincang Meteorological Bureau of Yunnan Province,Lincang 677099;Research Center for Disastrous Weather over Hengduan Mountains and Low-Latitude Plateau,China Meteorological Administration,Kunming 650034)

机构地区：[1]云南省临沧市气象局,临沧677099 [2]中国气象局横断山区(低纬高原)灾害性天气研究中心,昆明650034

出　　处：《气象科技》2025年第2期259-270,共12页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家可持续发展创新议程示范区专项(202104AC100001-A14);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2021J069);云南省气象局基层台站气象科技创新与能力提升计划项目(STIAP202349)共同资助。

摘　　要：采用多种统计方法对云南及周边地区土壤水分变化特征进行系统分析,探讨土壤水分与环境变化的相关性。结果表明:①研究区1950—2000年土壤水分干湿交替,21世纪后土壤变干明显。②研究区大部土壤水分变化较小,整体呈弱的变干趋势,变湿区域约为20%,变干区占21.4%~26.2%,多以(0.4,0.45]区间转为(0.35,0.4]区间为主。③土壤水分经(纬)向平均高值中心在时间—纬(经)度上随深度增加时段延长,且向北(东)扩张;随纬(经)度变高,土壤水分值变大,且季节差异随深度和纬(经)度增加而减小。④土壤水分对蒸散发、降水、土壤温度和归一化植被指数(NDVI)的响应存在1~5个月的滞后性;除与NDVI存在负相关关系外,与其余3种气候因子存在正相关关系;土壤水分受环境因子协同影响,其中降水量对土壤水分影响最强。In order to enhance the understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of soil moisture in the subtropical monsoon climate region,the study focuses on Yunnan and its surrounding areas(90°-107°E,15°-30°N).Utilising ERA5-Land reanalysis soil moisture data and employing various statistical methods such as Theil-Sen Median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall(M-K)non-parametric test,this research analyses the spatiotemporal variations of soil moisture in the Indochina Peninsula and its response to hydrothermal changes,exploring the responses of different soil moisture levels to climate change.The results indicate:(1)During the study period(1950-2020),the study area experiences alternating dry and wet soil moisture conditions,with drier years concentrated in 1955-1961 and 2001-2020,and wetter years mainly distributed in 1951-1954,1961-1968,and 1971-1978.After entering the 21st century,soil drying becomes more pronounced,with positive anomalies in soil moisture at different depths from January to December,and a stronger drying trend during the dry season for SM1 to SM3.(2)Between 1950 and 2020,there is a clear dry-wet axis in the study area’s soil moisture,with the difference between the dry and wet axes decreasing with depth,and a trend of narrowing dry axis bands and expanding wet axis bands.(3)In the first and last years of the study period,soil moisture remains stable in most regions of the study area,with only 21.4%to 26.2%of the area experiencing drying,primarily transitioning from the(0.4,0.45]interval to the(0.35,0.4]interval.(4)There is significant spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture changes at different levels,with an overall weak drying trend.Of the area,37.7%to 61.5%experiences soil moisture changes ranging from-0.001 to 0 m 3·m-3·10a-1,and areas with increasing soil moisture are less than 20%.(5)After entering the 21st century,soil moisture in most months of the dry season becomes drier compared to earlier periods,with abrupt changes occurring in 2003 and 2008.(6)The temporal-latitudinal mean high-val

关 键 词：ERA5-Land 土壤水分 时空变化 环境因子 相关关系 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]