一种国突预警信息分布式传输模型设计与验证  

Design and Validation of a Distributed Transmission Model for National Emergency Early Warning

作　　者：宋瑛瑛[1] 韩强 王佳禾 惠建忠[1] 苏静文 SONG Yingying;HAN Qiang;WANG Jiahe;HUI Jianzhong;SU Jingwen(CMA Public Meteorological Service Centre,Beijing 100081;Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 520001)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局公共气象服务中心,北京100081 [2]贵州省气象台,贵阳520001

出　　处：《气象科技》2025年第2期293-300,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：“预警信息精准靶向发布”青年创新团队(CMA2023QN02);对发展中国家科技援助项目(KY202204004);中国气象局气候变化专题项目(QBZ202410)资助。

摘　　要：国家突发事件预警信息发布系统(国突系统)是国家应急指挥调度平台的重要组成部分,是连接各部门的关键传输枢纽,在传播预警信息方面发挥着非常重要的作用。随着国突系统中预警数据种类和数量的急速增加,系统的承载能力和吞吐量面临严峻考验,制约了预警信息传播的及时性和可用性。同时,大量的信息积压在省级平台,不利于预警信息的深度挖掘和价值体现,制约了精细化应急决策服务能力。为了解决国突系统传输效率的问题,本文提出了一种预警信息分布式传输方案:采用两级部署四级应用模式,缓解多级部署导致的系统不稳定性;综合利用消息中间件技术,添加数据传输的缓存能力,故障修复后,省级节点可以自动恢复传输,无需人工补录;使用分布式集群技术,有助于提高系统的可扩展性,降低大规模故障的可能;设计传输消息的数据结构,使得传输的数据种类可动态扩展;强化了信息交互的安全认证和数据一致性校验。所有功能使用接口对其他系统提供服务,以方便与其他业务系统的连接。实验显示,典型场景下一个通用警报协议文件写入服务大约需要6.7 ms,读取大约需要11.4 ms。在及时恢复响应方面,实验也证明了该模型的有效性。传播模型在贵州省的试点应用中取得了显著成效。结果表明,该模型的传输效能比现行国突系统提高94.5倍,证明它是一种可全国实施的实用解决方案,有助于提高国省之间的预警信息传输效率。The National Early Warning Release System(NEWRS)is an essential part of the National Emergency Command and Dispatch Platform System.It serves as a key transmission hub connecting various departments and plays a very important role in disseminating warning information.With the increase in the variety and volume of warning data,the NEWRS faces challenges.The capacity and throughput of the NEWRS are under intense restrictions.Problems like low transmission efficiency,limited data processing capability,and high system failure are serious.These problems affect the timely availability of disseminating warning information.The phenomenon that a large amount of data can only exist in the original system is significant.These data are not shared,which does not help to integrate data.It also limits data mining and advanced warning decision-making services.The paper presents a distributed transmission plan for warning data.It promotes a warning transmission model to solve these problems.The transmission model can serve four levels of application:national,provincial,municipal,and county levels.However,it is implemented at national and provincial levels to relieve the instability of the NEWRS caused by multi-level deployment.Meanwhile,it enhances data transmission with caching services using message-oriented middleware technologies.Provincial nodes can serve as a caching function.Once the fault is fixed,provincial nodes can resume transmission automatically.Besides,the transmission model employs distributed clustering technologies to help increase the scalability of the system and reduce the possibility of large-scale failures.It can continue to work when there are some node errors.The warning transmission model improves message-oriented middleware by designing a message data structure,so the transmission model can support dynamic expansion for data types.At the same time,security authentication and data consistency verification for data exchange have been strengthened.All these functions are provided as interface services to f

关 键 词：国突系统 传输模型 预警信息 分布式 

分 类 号：P409[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]