杉木和木荷木质部形成季节动态及其对环境因子的响应  

Seasonal dynamics of xylem formation in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba and its response to environmental factors

作　　者：李思雨 杨风亭[1] 王辉民[1] 戴晓琴[1] 孟盛旺 LI Si-Yu;YANG Feng-Ting;WANG Hui-Min;DAI Xiao-Qin;MENG Sheng-Wang(Qianyanzhou Subtropical Forest Ecological Research Station,Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100190

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2025年第2期295-307,共13页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32201547、32192432和32330071)。

摘　　要：解析木质部形成过程有助于深入了解木材生产力的形成机制及其对气候变化的适应能力,对制定合理的人工林管理措施至关重要。该研究以千烟洲站的杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)和木荷(Schima superba)为对象,使用微树芯法于2022年监测了两个树种木质部形成的季节动态,旨在明晰其木质部形成物候、生长动态及差异,并分析木质部生长速率与环境因子的相关性。结果表明,杉木和木荷的形成层均于3月下旬开始活动并产生扩大细胞,4月细胞壁加厚,5月细胞开始成熟;木荷于7月细胞扩大结束,8月底细胞木质化结束,分别比杉木早48天和21天。杉木生长季持续时间长,但生长速率显著低于木荷,导致年生长量小于木荷。在全年尺度上,气温和土壤含水量对杉木和木荷木质部生长速率均有显著促进作用,此外,杉木木质部生长速率还与饱和水汽压差、光合有效辐射显著正相关,与相对湿度显著负相关,木荷木质部生长速率与土壤温度显著正相关。温度和土壤水分条件是调控研究区杉木和木荷木质部生长的关键因子。Aims Understanding the physiological mechanism of wood productivity and its capacity to adapt to climate change is crucial for developing sustainable plantation management strategies,which requires an investigation into the xylem formation process.The objective of this study was to clarify the phenology and dynamics of xylem formation and their link with environmental factors in two tree species under subtropical climate.Methods In 2022,we monitored the seasonal dynamics of xylem formation of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba using the microcoring method at Qianyanzhou Subtropical Forest Ecological Research Station.We also collected environmental data to analyze the correlations with xylem growth rates.Important findings The results showed that in late March,C.lanceolataand Schima superbastarted to produce enlargement cells.In April,the cell walls thickened,and in May,the cells began to mature.Schima superba completed cell enlargement in July and finished cell lignification by the end of August,48 days and 21 days earlier than C.lanceolata,respectively.Despite having a longer growing season,C.lanceolataexhibited a much lower growth rate than S.superba,resulting in a smaller final growth volume.The xylem growth rates of C.lanceolata and S.superba correlated favorably with air temperature and soil water content on an annual basis.Furthermore,C.lanceolatadisplayed a significant positive response to vapor pressure deficit and photosynthetically active radiation,while it was negatively impacted by relative humidity.Additionally,there was a substantially positive correlation between soil temperature and S.superbaxylem growth rate.The primary factors influencing the xylem growth of C.lanceolataand S.superba in the study area were temperature and the soil water conditions.

关 键 词：木质部 形成层 物候 生长速率 微树芯 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学] S718.5