小净距双线隧道施工噪声分布与职业危害分级  

Prevention of Occupational Noise and Occupational Hazard Classification in Small Interval Construction Tunnel

作　　者：高超新 陈卫宏 林壁 王达 陈世强 冯威 GAO Chaoxin;CHEN Weihong;LIN Bi;WANG Da;CHEN Shiqiang;FENG Wei(Fujian Road&Bridge Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,The Third Section of Project Department of Tiane-Bama,Fuzhou 350004,China;School of Resource,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China;Zhejiang Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310052,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省路桥建设集团有限公司天巴三标项目部,福州350004 [2]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [3]浙江交工集团股份有限公司,杭州310052

出　　处：《科技和产业》2025年第7期63-68,共6页Science Technology and Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52264014);中华人民共和国交通运输部交通运输行业重点科技项目(2021-MS5-126);广西交通运输行业重点科技项目(桂交便函[2021]148号)。

摘　　要：掌握隧道噪声分布与特征是开展噪声控制及防治的前提。依托天巴拾贰坡施工隧道现场,通过现场实测探究双线隧道重点区域噪声特征及规律,引入噪声评价数和离散小波变换,揭示主要噪声源能量分布特征,并进行噪声危害分级。结果表明:喷浆噪声与风机噪声在频谱上具有相似性,表现为离散噪声;隧道内噪声治理难的根源问题为不同噪声能量分布规律不同,风机、喷浆类噪声表现为先增加后减小再增大,钻孔噪声表现为先减小再增大;职业伤害分级为钻孔>喷浆>通风机。Understanding the distribution and characteristics of tunnel noise is a prerequisite for noise control and prevention.Tianba Shierpo construction tunnel was established as the prototype,the noise of key regions was measured,the law of noise in key areas was explored.Using discrete wavelet transform,the energy distribution characteristics of the main noise sources in the tunnel were defined,noise hazards are classified.The results show that the frequency spectrum distribution of fan and shotcrete noise is similar,and shotcrete noise is discrete noise.The root cause of the difficulty of noise control in tunnel is the different intrinsic characteristics of different noises.The pattern of energy distribution for fan and shotcrete noise exhibits an initial increase,followed by a decrease,and then another increase,whereas the drilling noise displays a decline initially followed by an increase.It can be graded according to the damage to human body as,drilling>shotcrete>fan.

关 键 词：职业性危害 小净距施工隧道 重点区域 噪声 离散小波变换 

分 类 号：U455.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]