超深层优势天然裂缝特征、分布及控产作用评价--以塔里木盆地博孜—大北地区下白垩统致密砂岩为例  

Evaluation of characteristics,distribution,and production control of advantageous natural fractures in ultra-deep layers:A case study of the Lower Cretaceous tight sandstone in the Bozi-Dabei area of the Tarim Basin

作　　者：陈东[1,2,3,4,5,6] 王翠丽 邓虎成 陈乃东[1,5] 丁海燕 胡笑非 张昊天 杨宇勇[2] 杜宇 高艳芳 CHEN Dong;WANG Cuili;DENG Hucheng;CHEN Naidong;DING Haiyan;HU Xiaofei;ZHANG Haotian;YANG Yuyong;DU Yu;GAO Yanfang(PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Korla 841000,China;School of Energy,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;R&D Center for Ultra-deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development,CNPC,Korla 841000,China;Engineering Research Center for Ultra-deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development,Korla 841000,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-deep Oil and Gas,Korla 841000,China;Key Laboratory of Gas Reservoir Formation and Development,CNPC,Korla 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]成都理工大学能源学院,四川成都610059 [3]中国石油天然气集团有限公司超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]新疆维吾尔自治区超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发工程研究中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [5]新疆超深油气重点实验室,新疆库尔勒841000 [6]中国石油天然气集团有限公司天然气成藏与开发重点实验室,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2025年第3期479-492,共14页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金青年基金项目(编号:2024NSFSC0815)资助.

摘　　要：塔里木盆地库车坳陷博孜—大北地区下白垩统致密砂岩储层天然裂缝发育,目的层自沉积至今形成了多成因、多期次叠加的裂缝体系,复杂天然裂缝系统发育为致密储集层提供了有效的富集和渗流空间。基于成像测井资料和钻井岩心,分析了不同产状、不同充填性裂缝在水基、油基泥浆背景下的特征,形成了电、声成像资料天然裂缝特征识别图版;结合野外剖面调查、岩石力学和地球化学测试结果,明确了复杂天然裂缝发育特征及分布规律,目的层在强挤压应力环境下,经历了3期主要的构造运动;在详细厘定单井裂缝发育特征的基础上,明确了5类有效裂缝组合模式,并基于无阻流量、米采气指数、停泵压降速率等单井动静态生产资料与裂缝特征耦合分析,结果显示目的层控产优势天然裂缝主要受天然裂缝组合模式、有效裂缝发育密度、井周裂缝延伸分布范围以及裂缝与应力夹角大小的控制,在多期构造活动的叠加影响情况下形成了现今优势裂缝分布配置系统,并据此构建了博孜—大北地区超深层致密砂岩储层富集控产优势裂缝评价标准。In the Bozi-Dabei area of the Kuqa Depression in the Tarim Basin,the natural fractures of the Lower Cretaceous dense sandstone reservoir have developed.Since its deposition,the target layer has formed a com⁃plex fracture system with multiple causes and overlapping phases,providing effective enrichment and percola⁃tion spaces for the dense reservoir.Based on imaging logging data and drilling cores,characteristics of fractures with different attitudes and fillings in water-based and oil-based mud backgrounds were analyzed,leading to the creation of an identification atlas for natural fracture features from electrical and acoustic imaging data.Com⁃bined with field outcrop surveys,rock mechanics,and geochemical test results,the characteristics of complex natural cracks as well as distribution patterns were clarified.The target layer has undergone three major tectonic movements under a strong compressive stress environment.Upon detailed determination of the single well frac⁃ture development characteristics,five types of effective fracture combination patterns were identified.Based on the detailed determination of the fracture development characteristics of individual wells,five effective fracture combination patterns were identified.Coupled analysis of both dynamic and static production data from individu⁃al wells,such as unimpeded flow rates,gas production indices,and pump shutdown pressure drop rates with fracture features,indicated that the dominant natural fractures controlling production in the target layer are main⁃ly governed by the natural fracture combination patterns,the development density of effective fractures,the ex⁃tent of fracture distribution around the well,and the size of the angle between fractures and stress.These frac⁃tures have formed under the superimposed influence of multiple phases of tectonic activity,resulting in the cur⁃rent dominant fracture distribution system.Consequently,an evaluation criterion for dominant fracture-con⁃trolled enrichment and production of Lower Cr

关 键 词：超深层 致密砂岩 富集控产 优势裂缝 博孜—大北地区 

分 类 号：TE121.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]