蛋白分离膜的构建及研究进展  

Development of Protein Separation Membranes and Their Progress

作　　者：苗君萍 张昭乾 辛少鹏 胡云霞 Junping Miao;Zhaoqian Zhang;Shaopeng Xin;Yunxia Hu(State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes,School of Material Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院、分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《化学进展》2025年第2期195-210,共16页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委(No.21476249);天津市自然科学基金(No.18JCZDJC37100)资助。

摘　　要：膜分离技术具有可常温运行、操作简便、容易集成及分离效率高等特点,广泛应用于液体与气体的分离纯化。蛋白因具有独特的结构与功能,如含有特定的水分子/离子通道、金属离子结合位点、规则纳米结构或抗菌耐污染性能等,被用于制备分离膜,赋予膜优异的渗透选择性能或独特的分离性能或抗菌耐污染等功能特性。本文简要介绍了用于制膜的关键功能蛋白的结构与性能,总结分析了几种常用的蛋白膜制备方法,详细综述了目前几种关键蛋白分离膜的研究进展,深入分析了蛋白膜研制存在的问题,最后展望了未来蛋白膜的研究方向。Membrane separation technology has been intensively used in numerous applications such as seawater desalination, water treatment and reuse, fine separation and product concentration, biomedical treatment and so forth owing to its low operation temperature, easy operation process, modularity, and high separation efficiency.However, due to membrane materials, membrane structures, and membrane manufacturing technology, the trade-off behavior between the water flux and the rejection rate of conventional separation membranes has become a technical bottleneck. The preparation of high-performance separation membranes using proteins as membrane materials is expected to break the trade-off behavior of conventional separation membranes. Protein separation membrane works super-efficiently for the target separation and transport, as well as the antibacterial and antifouling properties, where an emerging membrane material of proteins can transport the solute due to their inherent specific water or ion channels, rich binding sites with metal ions, regular nanostructures or low-cost and multifunctional. In this review, the widely implemented membrane materials and fabrication strategies for protein separation membranes are summarized in detail, and the research progress of the various protein separation membranes is described. Furthermore, the challenges faced by protein separation membranes are comprehensively reviewed. This review provides some insights into the construction and prospect of protein separation membranes.

关 键 词：蛋白 蛋白分离膜 渗透性 选择性 构建 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB43