2018—2022年河南省居民死亡水平及趋势分析  

Analysis of mortality and its trends among residents in Henan Province,2018-2022

作　　者：邢天放 杨文杰[1] 李少芳[1] 底秀娟[1] 康锴[1] XING Tianfang;YANG Wenjie;LI Shaofang;DI Xiujuan;KANG Kai(Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2025年第3期173-177,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20200143)。

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2022年河南省户籍居民死亡率及主要死亡原因变化趋势,为相关疾病预防和卫生政策制定提供参考。方法利用“中国疾病预防控制信息系统-人口死亡信息登记管理系统”中2018—2022年河南省36个国家级监测点户籍居民死亡数据,分别以性别、年龄、死亡日期和主要疾病为分类标准计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率和年度变化百分比(APC)等指标。结果2018—2022年河南省户籍居民死亡人数分别为146495、148470、150747、150162和168151例;粗死亡率分别为582.40/10万、588.39/10万、595.81/10万、589.63/10万和662.54/10万,平均每年上升2.74%(P>0.05);标化死亡率分别为516.93/10万、522.38/10万、528.96/10万、521.33/10万和581.34/10万,平均每年上升2.44%(P>0.05);男性粗死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性。不同年龄组居民死亡率分布近似“√”曲线;第三和四季度居民粗死亡率逐年上升(APC分别为1.93%和8.86%,P均<0.05)。慢性病为居民主要死因,死因顺位前3位分别是心脏病、脑血管病和恶性肿瘤;心脏病的粗死亡率、标化死亡率和构成比逐年上升(APC分别为6.83%、6.46%、3.91%,P均<0.05),伤害则逐年下降(APC分别为-2.35%、-2.32%和-4.80%,P均<0.05)。结论2018—2022年河南省户籍居民死亡率男性高于女性,心脏病、脑血管病等慢性病成为威胁全省居民健康的主要疾病。应持续健全慢性病防控体系,加强慢性病健康管理,同时关注男性和老年群体等重点人群健康状况,以降低由主要疾病死亡带来的疾病负担。Objective To understand the changing trends of mortality rates and the main causes of death among the registered residents in Henan Province from 2018 to 2022,thereby informing the development of relevant disease prevention strategies and health policies.Methods The data of mortality among the registered residents from 36 national surveillance sites in Henan Province from 2018 to 2022 were extracted from the Population Death Information Registration and Management System,China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.Crude mortality rates,age-standardized mortality rates,and annual percentage changes(APC)were calculated and stratified by gender,age,date of death,and main diseases.Results The number of deaths among the registered residents in Henan Province from 2018 to 2022 were 146495,148470,150747,150162 and 168151,respectively;The crude mortality rates were 582.40/100000,588.39/100000,595.81/100000,589.63/100000,and 662.54/100000,respectively,with an average annual increase of 2.74%(P>0.05).The age-standardized mortality rates were 516.93/100000,522.38/100000,528.96/100000,521.33/100000,and 581.34/100000,respectively,with an average annual increase of 2.44%(P>0.05);Males showed higher rates than females.Mortality rates across different age groups followed a"√-shaped"distribution.The crude mortality rates during the third and fourth quarters gradually rose,with APCs of 1.93%and 8.86%(P<0.05).Chronic diseases were the leading causes of death,with heart diseases,cerebrovascular diseases,and cancers being the top three.The crude mortality rate,age-standardized mortality rate,and proportion of heart diseases increased annually(APC=6.83%,6.46%,3.91%,P<0.05),while that of injury decreased annually(APC=-2.35%,-2.32%,-4.80%,P<0.05).Conclusions From 2018 to 2022,the mortality rate among the registered male residents in Henan Province was higher than that among the females,with chronic diseases such as heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases becoming the top health threats.It should be continued to enh

关 键 词：死因监测 死亡率 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]