新冠疫情对武汉市消除疟疾后输入性疟疾防控的影响分析  

Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on imported malaria control at post-elimination of malaria in Wuhan city

作　　者：吴凯[1] 施晓莺 胡永峰 阮娇 万正 李莺 WU Kai;SHI Xiaoying;HU Yongfeng;RUAN Jiao;WAN Zheng;LI Ying(Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430024,China;Dongxihu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430040,China;Xinzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430400,China;Wuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430063,China;Huangpi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430300,China;Qiaokou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430024 [2]东西湖区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430040 [3]新洲区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430400 [4]武昌区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430063 [5]黄陂区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430300 [6]硚口区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2025年第2期268-271,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：湖北省卫生健康委员会2021-2022年度卫生健康科研项目(WJ2021M024)。

摘　　要：目的分析武汉市新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期境外输入性疟疾流行特征,探讨重大公共卫生事件对消除疟疾后疟疾防控的影响。方法收集2016-2022年境外输入性疟疾的流行病学数据,包括性别、年龄、职业、首诊确诊情况、发病-首诊时间、发病-确诊时间等。将数据分为消除疟疾后阶段和新冠肺炎防控阶段,进行比较分析。结果2016-2022年共报告境外输入性疟疾202例,其中消除疟疾后阶段180例,含恶性疟130例(重症12例),新冠肺炎防控阶段22例,含恶性疟11例(重症5例,死亡1例)。两阶段病例均以男性为主,年龄差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.71,P<0.05),输入虫种结构比不同,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.16,P<0.05),虽然首诊确诊率和发病-首诊时间两阶段之间的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)/Z=0.12、-0.35,P=0.73、0.72),但两者之间首诊-确诊时间及发病-确诊时间的差异均有统计学意义(Z=-2.35、-2.24,P均<0.05),新冠肺炎防控阶段恶性疟重症发生率显著上升(χ_(矫正)^(2)=9.58,P<0.01)。结论重大公共卫生事件发生时应加强疟疾流行区返回人员监测及疾控-临床联合防控机制,发热应及早检测疟原虫,提高诊断效率,缩短发病-确诊时间,遏制重症死亡病例发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria from overseas during the period of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic in Wuhan city,so as to explore the impact of major public health events on malaria control at post-elimination.Methods Epidemiological data of imported malaria from overseas were collected from 2016 to 2022,including gender,age,occupation,initial diagnosis situation,attack-hospital interval,and attackconfirm interval,etc.The data were classified into post malaria elimination phase and COVID-19 control phase for comparative analysis.Results A total of 202 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in 2016 to 2022,180 cases in the post-elimination malaria phase including 130 falciparum malaria cases(12 severe cases)and 22 cases in the COVID-19control phase including 11 falciparum malaria cases(5 severe cases,1 death).In both stages,male was the main morbidity group;the age difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.71,P<0.05),and the proportions of the imported Plasmodium species were different(χ^(2)=5.16,P<0.05).Although there was no difference in the initial diagnosis situation(χ^(2)=0.12,P=0.73),the attack-hospital interval(Z=-0.35,P=0.72),the hospital-confirm interval and the attack-confirm interval were both different(Z=-2.35,-2.24;both P<0.05),resulting in a significant increase in the occurrence of falciparum malaria severe cases during the COVID-19 control stage(χ_(corrected)^(2)=9.58,P<0.01).Conclusions When a major public health event occurs,the monitoring of people returning from malaria-endemic areas,and the disease control-clinical joint prevention and control mechanism must be strengthened.When the returnees had fever,the malaria parasites should be promptly diagnosed to improve diagnostic efficiency,shorten the time from onset to diagnosis,and curb the occurrence of severe and fatal cases.

关 键 词：疟疾 输入性 新冠肺炎 防控机制 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]