RTA中SPS条款质量对农业贸易的影响——基于条款异质性视角  

The Impact of SPS Clause Quality in RTAs on Chinese Agricultural Trade:A Perspective of Clause Heterogeneity

作　　者：谢超平 潘宏业 刘轶芳[2] Xie Chaoping;Pan Hongye;Liu Yifang

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中央财经大学经济学院,北京102206

出　　处：《南开学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期143-157,共15页Journal of Nankai university Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71934005)。

摘　　要：随着关税等传统贸易手段逐步削减,卫生与植物检疫(SPS)措施已成为影响全球农产品贸易的核心因素,也是制约我国实现农业高水平对外开放的瓶颈。受制于日益复杂的SPS措施和多边贸易治理体系谈判的停滞,各国纷纷加快了自由贸易区布局的进程。区域贸易协定(RTA)为规制SPS措施提供了新的契机。本文系统探究了SPS差异化条款质量对我国农产品出口的影响效果及机制路径。研究发现,缔约方SPS规制融合程度、政策透明度、交流合作能力和管理制度建设水平是SPS条款影响农业贸易的主要路径。尽管中国SPS条款质量已高于全球平均水平,但与以《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》为代表的高标准SPS条款相比,仍有较大差距。实证结果显示,SPS条款规制融合的加强、透明度的提升、协作的加强、管理制度的建立均显著促进了中国农产品出口。此外,SPS条款质量对中国初级农产品出口提升作用更大,更有利于推动我国与发展中国家和低食品安全标准国家的农业贸易。这对我国探索区域农业贸易谈判深化路径、加强贸易伙伴国非关税措施规制、进一步提升涉农领域制度型开放具有重要启示意义。As traditional trade measures,such as tariffs,are gradually reduced,SPS measures have become a core factor influencing global agricultural trade and a critical bottleneck constraining China's high-level opening-up in agriculture.Constrained by increasingly complex SPS measures and the stagnation of multilateral trade governance negotiations,countries have accelerated their efforts to establish Free Trade Agreements(FTAs).This paper systematically investigates the impact and mechanism of SPS clauses quality on China's agricultural product exports.Although the quality of China's SPS clauses has surpassed the global average,there is still a significant gap compared to the high-standard SPS clauses represented by the CPTPP.Empirical results show that the enhancement of SPS regulatory convergence,the increase in transparency,the strengthening of cooperation,and the establishment of management systems all significantly promote China's agricultural product exports.Moreover,the quality of SPS clauses has a greater effect on the export of China's primary agricultural products and is more conducive to promoting agricultural trade between China and developing countries,as well as countries with high food safety standards.This research holds important implications for China's exploration of deepening paths in regional agricultural trade negotiations,strengthening the regulation of NTMs with trading partners,and further enhancing institutional opening-up in the agricultural sector.

关 键 词：农业贸易 非关税措施 区域贸易协定 SPS条款 

分 类 号：F752.5[经济管理—国际贸易]