船体钢铝结构过渡接头焊接技术及试验研究  

作　　者：王知远 牟锡阳 刘明浩 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团渤海造船有限公司,辽宁葫芦岛125003

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2025年第11期62-64,68,共4页Technology Innovation and Application

摘　　要：在船舶结构轻量化发展的背景下,铝合金材料逐渐应用于船体制造。在钢铝结构焊接时,技术工艺要求相对较高,因铝合金与钢材料之间存在较为显著的特性差异,因而焊接时会遇到一些难题。而采取过渡接头分别与钢、铝结构进行连接,则可提升结构密封度、保证结构强度。为此,该文针对船体钢铝结构过渡接头焊接展开试验分析,通过外观检验、表面无损探伤检验、X射线探伤检验以及力学性能检验,验证采用不同焊接方法时过渡接头的焊缝质量,明确过渡接头铝基侧与钢基侧分别与铝合金及钢结构连接适用的焊接方法,确定过渡接头焊接的坡口形式、焊接方案以及工艺要求,旨在为船舶钢铝结构焊接作业科学开展提供借鉴。Against the backdrop of the development of lightweight ship structures,aluminum alloy materials are gradually being applied in ship manufacturing.When welding steel-aluminum structures,the technical process requirements are relatively high.Due to the significant characteristics differences between aluminum alloys and steel materials,some difficulties will be encountered during welding.By adopting unused joints to connect steel and aluminum structures respectively,structural sealing can be improved and structural strength can be ensured.To this end,this paper carries out experimental analysis on the welding of ship steel-aluminum structure transition joints.Through appearance inspection,surface nondestructive flaw detection inspection,X-ray flaw detection inspection and mechanical properties inspection,the weld quality of the transition joints is verified when different welding methods are used.The applicable welding methods for connecting the aluminum base side and the steel base side of the transition joint to the aluminum alloy and steel structure respectively are clarified,and the groove form,welding plan and process requirements for the transition joint are determined.The purpose is to provide reference for the scientific development of ship steel-aluminum structure welding operations.

关 键 词：船体钢铝结构 过渡接头 焊接试验 铝合金材料 船体制造 

分 类 号：U663.2[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]