海洋污损生物对核电厂取水渠拦污网的危害及防除方法研究  

作　　者：张世保 苏培[2] 赵逗裟 张萌 吴洪枝 曹冉冉 

机构地区：[1]海南核电有限公司,海南昌江572733 [2]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361102 [3]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2025年第11期148-151,共4页Technology Innovation and Application

基　　金：中国核电工程有限公司资助项目(20223160A0834、20223160A0857)。

摘　　要：海洋污损生物附着在核电厂拦污网上会造成网孔堵塞,降低取水效率,使网衣自重增加,缩短网衣的使用寿命,威胁核电厂海水循环系统的安全运行。该文通过文献及现场调研,分析对核电厂拦污网危害较大的几种常见污损生物,对当前的污损生物防除方法及存在的问题进行阐述,并提出改进措施。藤壶、贻贝、水螅、牡蛎和盘管虫等污损生物对核电厂拦污网的危害较大;传统机械清除法的效率低、成本高;当前商业铜基防污涂料静态防污效果较差,且污染海洋环境;结合实际工程应用,建议采用水下清洗机器人进行原位清洗,在拦污网上涂装无铜环保防污涂料进行污损生物防除。上述污损生物防除措施,可为核电厂拦污网防除污损生物设计提供指导。The attachment of marine fouling organisms to the pollution interception network of nuclear power plants will cause mesh clogging,reduce water extraction efficiency,increase the dead weight of the network,shorten the service life of the network,and threaten the safe operation of the seawater circulation system of the nuclear power plant.Based on literature and on-site research,this paper analyzes several common fouling organisms that are harmful to the pollution barrier of nuclear power plants,expounds the current fouling organism control methods and existing problems,and proposes improvement measures.Fouling organisms such as barnacles,mussels,hydra,oysters,and coil worms are of great harm to the pollution barrier network of nuclear power plants;traditional mechanical removal methods are inefficient and costly;current commercial copper-based anti-fouling coatings have poor static anti-fouling effects and pollute the marine environment;combined with practical engineering applications,it is recommended to use underwater cleaning robots for in-situ cleaning and apply copper-free environmentally friendly anti-fouling coatings on the pollution barrier network to prevent fouling organisms.The above-mentioned fouling biological control measures can provide guidance for the design of nuclear power plant pollution barriers to prevent fouling biological control.

关 键 词：核电厂 拦污网 污损生物 防污方法 机器人 

分 类 号：X946[环境科学与工程—安全科学]