中日比较视野中的金泽町家情报馆  

Kanazawa Machiya Information Centre from a Comparative Perspective of China and Japan

作　　者：卢健松[1,2] 曹粤宁 LU Jiansong;CAO Yuening(Tsinghua University;School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University;Hunan University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学 [2]湖南大学建筑与规划学院 [3]湖南大学

出　　处：《世界建筑》2025年第3期122-129,共8页World Architecture

基　　金：陈张敏聪夫人慈善基金项目,项目编号:IR 91/9906。

摘　　要：客观地认知跨地域的考察民居适应机制,有利于汲取民居可持续发展的朴素经验。在比较视野下增强自身认同感和民居文化的国际影响力,可以为中国民居的现代化更新提供可参照的路径。借联合教学活动的契机,2023年湖南大学建筑与规划学院团队前往日本金泽进行在地考察。作为多雨雪的寒带滨海地区,金泽与中国南方气候、地理条件相异,其町家建筑却与中国南方木构商业民居的外表相似。本文以金泽町家情报馆为案例,阐释金泽町家的形制特征,对比中日两地现存民居的不同特点,分析材料建构、地形气候、文化民俗的影响下,两者在空间布局、界面构造、营建技艺方面展现的异同,指出作为不同地区的木构民居,二者在材料构造上高度相似,但在空间布局、表皮构造上存在根本的差异。Objective knowledge of the adaptation mechanism of houses across regions is conducive to learning the experience of sustainable ecological house construction,enhancing one's own sense of identity and the international influence of residential culture in a comparative perspective,and providing a feasible path for the modernisation and renewal of Chinese housing.Taking the opportunity of joint teaching activities,the team from the School of Architecture and Planning of Hunan University travelled to Kanazawa,Japan in 2023 for an on-site investigation.As a rainy and snowy frigid coastal region,Kanazawa has different climatic and geographical conditions from that of southern China,but its Machiya is highly similar to the wooden commercial dwellings of southern China.This paper takes the Kanazawa Machiya Information Hall as a case study,explains the formal characteristics of the Kanazawa Machiya,compares the different characteristics of the existing houses in China and Japan,analyses the similarities and differences between the two in terms of spatial layout,interface structure,and construction techniques under the influence of factors such as material construction,topography,climate,and culture and folklore,and points out that,as timberframed houses in different regions,the two are highly similar in terms of material construction.However,fundamental differences exist in spatial layout and skin structure.

关 键 词：跨地域的民居研究 传统木构商业建筑 民居自适应原理 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]