后现代文学的南半球变异——珍妮特·弗雷姆母《喀尔巴阡山脉》的后现代叙事特征  

The Postmodern Narrative Characteristics of Janet Frame's The Carpathians

作　　者：刘略昌 王欣月 Liu Luechang;Wang Xinyue

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学外语学院,上海200093

出　　处：《文学理论前沿》2023年第1期118-144,共27页Frontiers of Literary Theory

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“多元文化视野下的大洋洲文学研究”(16ZDA200);上海市浦江人才计划项目“新西兰当代文学的发展与社会的多元文化进程”(18PJCO72)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：后现代文学根植于南半球的时间较为短暂,与欧美的后现代文学存在一定的时间差。珍妮特·弗雷姆的《喀尔巴阡山脉》是新西兰后现代小说的集大成之作,它不是简单地复制英美的后现代文学作品,而是在借鉴欧美前贤创作的同时灵活植入了新西兰特有的文化和传说,是后现代主义在全球流播中发生的地方变异。《喀尔巴阡山脉》在叙事策略、文类混用、对现实的认知方面具有一种独特的后现代叙事特征。《喀尔巴阡山脉》采用元小说的手段和策略,颠覆了传统的小说结构,体现了后现代叙事策略的创新。除了形式实验,《喀尔巴阡山脉》还混用了玄学侦探小说、旅行写作和科幻小说等通俗文类,文类混用的手法不但展现了作品的虚构性,而且深化了小说的主题。此外,弗雷姆在《喀尔巴阡山脉》中呈现了一种虚实交错的现实观,以虚幻的事件来反映日常生活中的现实,这意味着作家的创作步入不确定性和多元化状态。考察《喀尔巴阡山脉》后现代叙事特征的丰富内涵,有利于破除世界后现代文学研究中潜在的欧美中心主义迷思。Postmodern literature has been rooted in the southern hemisphere for a relatively short time,and there is a certain time lag between the southern hemisphere and Europe-America.Janet Frame's The Carpathians is a masterpiece of New Zealand postmodern fiction.It is not simply an imitation of British and American postmodern literature,but a flexible implantation of New Zealand's unique culture and lore while drawing on the work of European and American predecessors,a local variant of postmodernism in its global circulation.The Carpathians holds unique postmodern narrative features in terms of narrative strategies,the mixture of genres,and the perception of reality.The Carpathians adopts the means and strategies of metafiction,subverting the traditional structure of fiction and reflecting the innovation of postmodern narrative strategies.In addition to the experiments in form,The Carpathians also employs popular genres such as the metaphysical detective fiction,travel writing and science fiction.The mixing of genres not only demonstrates the fictional nature of the work,but also deepens the novel's theme.Moreover,The Carpathians presents a staggered view of reality,reflecting the reality of daily life with unreal events,which means that the novelist's creation falls into indeterminacy and pluralism.Examining the multiple connotations of the postmodern narrative features of The Carpathians contributes to dispelling the potential European-American centrism in the study of global postmodern literature.

关 键 词：珍妮特·弗雷姆 《喀尔巴阡山脉》 后现代叙事 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]