微生物组与术后肺部并发症相关性的研究进展  

Research advances in the association between microbiome and postoperative pulmonary complications

作　　者：李清扬 朱倩梅 车璐[2] 黄宇光[2] LI Qingyang;ZHU Qianmei;CHE Lu;HUANG Yuguang(Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院,100730 [2]北京协和医院麻醉科

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2025年第4期409-412,共4页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

基　　金：北京协和医院中央高水平医院临床科研专项(2022-PUMCH-B-006)。

摘　　要：术后肺部并发症(PPCs)是包括呼吸道感染、呼吸衰竭等在内的多种病理状态,严重影响患者的术后恢复和预后。近年来,微生物组在人体健康和疾病中的作用逐渐被揭示,特别是肠道和口腔微生物组与PPCs之间的关系引起了广泛关注。口腔菌群通过影响口腔卫生状况和微误吸直接作用并影响肺部健康,肠道菌群通过“肠-肺轴”间接调节肺部的免疫反应和炎症状态。此外,微生物组还通过影响肺泡活性物质的产生和功能,进一步对肺部健康产生影响。本综述通过汇总近年来的文献,总结微生物组在PPCs中的作用机制,探讨围术期口腔清洁和微生物干预的潜在应用,并提出了预防和管理术后肺部并发症的新策略。Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)encompass a range of pathological states,including respiratory infections and respiratory failure,significantly affecting patients'postoperative recovery and prognosis.In recent years,the role of the microbiome in human health and disease has gained increasing recognition.The association between gut and oral microbiome and PPCs has also drawn wide attention.The oral microbiome can directly affect pulmonary health by influencing oral hygiene and micro-aspiration,while gut microbiome modulates pulmonary immune responses and inflammatory conditions through the“gut-lung axis”.Additionally,the microbiome impacts lung health by regulating the production and function of alveolar surfactant.This review summarizes the mechanisms by which the microbiome influences PPCs,explores the potential applications of perioperative oral hygiene and microbiome interventions,and proposes new strategies for improving the prevention and management of PPCs.

关 键 词：微生物组 术后肺部并发症 口腔微生物组 肠道微生物组 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]