基于科技报告的关键共性技术识别  

Using Scientific and Technical Reports to Identify Key Common Technologies

作　　者：韦景竹[1] 张桐瑞 马芷晴 Wei Jingzhu;Zhang Tongrui;Ma Zhiqing(Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006)

机构地区：[1]中山大学信息管理学院,广州510006

出　　处：《情报杂志》2025年第4期153-159,199,共8页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“粤港澳大湾区建设国际科创中心知识产权情报保障研究”(编号:21&ZD339);广东省档案局项目“大数据环境下政务信息资源整合共享与长期保存研究”(编号:YDK-212-2018)研究成果。

摘　　要：[研究目的]构建基于科技报告的关键共性技术识别方法,对于突显科技报告信息价值、提升关键共性技术识别准确性影响深远。[研究方法]爬虫获取科技报告数据,利用关键词聚类划分技术社区,综合技术共性(技术共现率、技术共现强度)与关键性特征(PageRank值及社会影响力)构建指标体系,通过熵权法确定指标权重,应用TOPSIS法计算综合得分,识别关键共性技术。[研究结果/结论]研究提出并验证了通过科技报告识别关键共性技术的可行性,拓展了科技报告作为信息资源的应用场景。此外,关键共性技术存在不同侧重,分为关键性主导、共性主导与关键共性均衡等类型。与共性相比,关键性更为重要,科技工作者应聚焦关键问题,提升科技创新能力。[Research purpose]Designing a key common technology identification method based on scientific and technical reports is critical to highlighting the reports'value and improving identification accuracy.[Research method]Data crawling was adopted to obtain the scientific and technical reports,and keyword clustering was used to divide the technological topic communities.An index system was constructed considering the technology's common features(technology co-occurrence rate and intensity)and key features(PageRank value and social influence).The entropy weight method was adopted to allocate the weights,and the TOPSIS method was applied to calculate the score and identify the key common technologies.[Research result/conclusion]This study has proposed and verified the feasibility of identifying key common technologies through scientific and technical reports and expanded their application scenarios as information resources.Besides,key common technologies indicate different focuses,which can be divided into key dominant,common dominant,and balanced dominant."Keyness"is dominant compared with"commonness",and researchers should focus more on key issues to enhance the innovation abilities.

关 键 词：关键共性技术 技术识别 科技报告 技术主题 技术社区 熵权法 TOPSIS法 

分 类 号：G203[文化科学—传播学]