明代辽东地区的地方治理:公共典礼与礼仪秩序  

On the Local Governance of Liaodong Region in the Ming Dynasty:Public Ceremonies and Ceremonial Order

作　　者：李媛[1] Li Yuan

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学亚洲文明研究院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2025年第1期23-35,共13页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国礼制文化与国家治理研究”(项目编号:22BLS004)阶段性成果;国家社科基金一般项目“明代地方社会的公共典礼与礼仪秩序研究”(项目编号:19BZS050)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明代辽东地区公共典礼的举行以广宁和辽阳为中心,其他各卫所为补充。公共典礼的内容包含公署公式类典礼、崇教化类典礼、坛庙祭祀类典礼,也有接待朝鲜、女真等藩属的入贡典礼,反映了边疆地区公共典礼仪式的独特内容。从动态视角来看,辽东地方公共典礼在正统以后才逐渐完善,其礼仪秩序的建构具有明显的滞后性。与此相呼应的是,正统以后,辽东地方文官地位上升,以辽东巡抚和巡按为核心的文官成为推动该地方礼仪秩序建构的主导力量。同时,武官也是辽东地方公共典礼的重要参与者,体现了辽东地方社会礼仪秩序建构过程中的边疆特色。辽东地区是明代最为重要的实土卫所,它的都司卫所管理体制既不同于内地府州县,也与羁縻性质的奴儿干都司迥然有别。军事色彩浓重的辽东地区在行政事务运转、社会秩序构建方面的独特性,反映了明代东北边疆社会独特的治理方式。In the Ming Dynasty,Guangning and Liaoyang acted as two centers for the conduct of public ceremonies in Liaodong region,along with a few supplements from other wei suo(卫所).The ceremonies,which were characterized by the unique cultural background of the border areas,consisted of different types,included official formula ceremonies,civilizing and moralizing ceremonies,sacrificial temple ceremonies,as well as tribute-rendering ceremonies for minority regimes like Korea and Jurchen.Under the dynamic perspective,it could be noticed that local public ceremonies in Liaodong were gradually completed only after Zhengtong period,and the construction of the ceremonial order has been obviously lagging.Corresponded to this process,the status of civil officials in Liaodong did not rise until Zhengtong period,who have become the main force in promoting the construction of the ceremonial order.Meanwhile,military officials were also important participants,as their existence reflected the borderland characteristics.As the most important shitu weisuo(实土卫所)in Ming Dynasty,Liaodong region owned a special management system,which was different from either central regions or jimi(羁縻)regions such as Nurugən(奴儿干都司).A strong military color has brought uniqueness to its administrative affairs and social order,which reflected the unique governance pattern in the northeastern borderland society of the Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：明代 辽东都司 公共典礼 礼仪秩序 

分 类 号：K205[历史地理—历史学]