五一简所见东汉基层官吏的受贿与惩处  

On the Bribery Crimes of Primary-level Officials of the Eastern Han Dynasty Recorded in Wuyi Square Bamboo Slips

作　　者：朱群杰 Zhu Qunjie

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2025年第1期80-89,共10页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“甲、金、简牍法制史料汇纂通考及数据库建设”(项目编号:20&ZD180)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从五一广场简牍来看,盗赋与受所监是东汉基层常见的受贿犯罪。盗赋是官吏敛人财物、据为己有的罪行,符合汉律“受赇枉法”的规定,首见于东汉。与盗赋不同,受所监是官吏单纯收受他人钱财的罪行,未枉法,最早见于岳麓秦令简,被汉令视为“不廉”。盗赋与受所监构成东汉基层受贿的两种基本类型,以赃值论罪,盗赋罪重,受所监罪轻。基层官吏的受贿行为通常针对普通民众,是“重赋敛”的表现。东汉法制严惩基层官吏的受贿犯罪,旨在减轻民负,保护民财,以期实现“民富国强”的政治目标,是对“薄赋敛”政治理念的践行。Based on Wuyi Square bamboo slips,daofu(盗赋)and shou suojian(受所监)were common bribery crimes among primary-level officials in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Daofu refers to the crime of extorting property,which falls under the category of“shouqiu wangfa”(受赇枉法)in the law of Han Dynasty.The earliest record of daofu could be traced back to the Eastern Han Dynasty.Unlike daofu,shou suojian refers to the crime of an official who simply accepted money from others without perverting justice.This conduct was more regarded as“bulian(不廉)”rather than illegal,and its earliest record could be found in the Yuelu Qinling bamboo slips.Daofu and shou suojian constituted the two basic types of bribery crimes among primary-level officials in the Eastern Han Dynasty,and the severity of corresponding punishment was determined by the amount of money involved,while the former was considered as a more serious crime than the latter.The bribery conducts of primary-level officials often directly harmed ordinary people,which was a manifestation of“zhong fulian(重赋敛)”.The Eastern Han legal system severely punished these bribery crimes,aimed to alleviate ordinary people’s burden,protect their property,and achieve the political goal of“minfu guoqiang(民富国强)”.These efforts was a practice of the political idea of“bo fulian(薄赋敛)”.

关 键 词：五一简 受贿 盗赋 受所监 薄赋敛 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]