刘萨诃江东巡礼对中古佛教本土化的推进  

A Promotion to the Indigenization of Medieval Buddhism:Liu Sahe’s Pilgrimage in Jiangdong Region

作　　者：尚丽新[1] Shang Lixin

机构地区：[1]山西大学文学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2025年第1期129-138,共10页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：山西省哲学社会科学规划课题“4至10世纪民族大融合中刘萨诃推动佛教中国化研究”(项目编号:2023YJ013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：东晋时稽胡僧人刘萨诃在江东礼拜阿育王塔、阿育王像,这一巡礼事件在佛教史上产生了深远影响,具有推进中古佛教本土化的重要作用。刘萨诃江东巡礼是魏晋六朝建寺造像、礼拜佛陀象征物热潮的产物,体现出佛教在民间社会中特重践履的特点,推进了当时佛教的民间化、世俗化。刘萨诃江东巡礼契合了南朝权力阶层和上层僧团追求政治及宗教正统化的需求,暗合了从分裂到统一的历史规律,使之成为教权随政权而正统化、统一化的符号。从慧皎到道宣,二人从兴福和感通两个不同角度对刘萨诃进行了理论上的探索和总结,体现出知识僧侣对刘萨诃的认识逐步深入,同时也体现出践履型佛教理论的本土化演进。During the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Liu Sahe,a monk who came from Jihu(稽胡)tribe,started a pilgrimage to the pagodas and statues of Ashoka in Jiangdong region.This event had a profound impact on the history of Buddhism,as it has promoted the indigenization of medieval Buddhism.Liu’s journey was a resulted of the Buhhist fervor in Wei,Jin and the Six Dynasties,during which people were keen on building temples and statues,worshiping kinds of Buddhist symbols.The event also reflected a preference to the practical conducts in folk society,advanced the popularization and secularization of Buddhism.Liu’s efforts fit the needs of influential officials as well as the upper monastic groups,who have pursued the political and religious orthodoxy during the Southern Dynasties.The event then has become a symbol of orthodoxy and was believed to have the connotation of unity.Hui Jiao and Dao Xuan explored and summarized the meaning of Liu’s legends from two different perspectives,namely xingfu(兴福;obtaining blessings)and gantong(感通;connecting with spiritual power).Their elaboration reflected a gradually deepening understanding of Liu Sahe by intellectual monks,as well as the indigenization evolution of practice-oriented Buddhism.

关 键 词：刘萨诃 阿育王塔 阿育王像 兴福 感通 

分 类 号：K205[历史地理—历史学]